Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States; Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2020 Dec;66:11-17. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.05.006. Epub 2020 Jun 18.
Microbes have become an increasingly powerful chassis for developing diagnostic and therapeutic technologies. While many of the earlier engineering efforts used microbes that expressed relevant proteins constitutively, more microbes are being engineered to express them with region-selectivity and disease-responsiveness through biosensors. Such 'smart' microbes have been developed to diagnose and treat a wide range of disorders and diseases, including bacterial infections, cancers, inflammatory disorders, and metabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss synthetic biology technologies that have been applied to engineer microbes for biomedical applications, focusing on recent reports that demonstrate microbial sensing by using animal models or clinical samples. Advances in synthetic biology will enable engineered microbes to significantly improve the medical field.
微生物已成为开发诊断和治疗技术的越来越强大的底盘。虽然许多早期的工程努力使用组成型表达相关蛋白质的微生物，但越来越多的微生物正在通过生物传感器进行工程设计，以实现区域选择性和疾病反应性表达。已经开发出这种“智能”微生物来诊断和治疗各种疾病和病症，包括细菌感染、癌症、炎症性疾病和代谢性疾病。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了已应用于为生物医学应用工程微生物的合成生物学技术，重点介绍了最近使用动物模型或临床样本证明微生物感应的报告。合成生物学的进步将使工程微生物能够极大地改善医疗领域。
