Research Department, Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera, IAP, México City 04030, Mexico.
Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla Santander, Spain.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020 Jun 3;2020:6286105. doi: 10.1155/2020/6286105. eCollection 2020.
There are different pathologies associated with amyloidogenic processes caused by the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the overactivation of inflammatory responses. These alterations are present in different regions of the anterior segment of the eye, and they have been associated with the development and progression of ocular pathologies, such as glaucoma, dry eye syndrome, keratitis, and cataracts among other pathologies. . To discuss briefly the anatomical characteristics of the anterior segment of the eye and describe the interaction between oxidative stress (OS) and inflammatory responses, emphasizing the misfolding of several proteins leading to amyloidogenic processes occurring in the anterior segment and their implications in the development of ocular diseases. We performed a search on PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase using the MeSH terms "eye," "anterior segment", "inflammation", "oxidative stress", and "amyloidosis". The search encompassed manuscripts published up to April 2019. A hundred forty-four published studies met the inclusion criteria. We present the current knowledge regarding the interaction between OS and the activation of inflammatory processes and how both can cause conformational changes in several peptides and proteins in each compartment of the anterior segment. However, we found that there is no consensus about which factor is the first to cause amyloidosis. Our conclusions suggest that there is an interplay among these factors forming a vicious cycle that leads to the loss of protein structure in ocular pathologies, and multifactorial therapies should be developed to avoid protein misfolding and to stop the progression of ocular pathologies.
存在与淀粉样变性过程相关的不同病理学，这些过程是由活性氧 (ROS) 的增加和炎症反应的过度激活引起的。这些改变存在于眼睛前段的不同区域，并且与眼部疾病的发展和进展有关，例如青光眼、干眼症综合征、角膜炎和白内障等。简要讨论眼睛前段的解剖学特征，并描述氧化应激 (OS) 和炎症反应之间的相互作用，强调几种蛋白质的错误折叠导致淀粉样变性过程发生在前段，并探讨其对眼部疾病发展的影响。我们使用 MeSH 术语“眼睛”、“前段”、“炎症”、“氧化应激”和“淀粉样变性”在 PubMed、CINAHL 和 Embase 上进行了搜索。搜索范围包括截至 2019 年 4 月发表的手稿。有 144 篇已发表的研究符合纳入标准。我们介绍了关于 OS 与炎症过程激活之间相互作用的最新知识，以及两者如何导致前段每个隔室中的几种肽和蛋白质发生构象变化。然而，我们发现对于哪个因素是导致淀粉样变性的第一个因素尚无共识。我们的结论表明，这些因素之间存在相互作用，形成一个恶性循环，导致眼部疾病中蛋白质结构的丧失，应该开发多因素疗法来避免蛋白质错误折叠并阻止眼部疾病的进展。
