Program in Cell Biology, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, 19-9800, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
Program in Cell Biology, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, 19-9800, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Cell Rep. 2020 Jun 23;31(12):107798. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107798.
Multivalent complexes of endothelial adhesion receptors (e.g., selectins) engage leukocytes to orchestrate their migration to inflamed tissues. Proper anchorage and sufficient density (clustering) of endothelial receptors are required for efficient leukocyte capture and rolling. We demonstrate that a polarized spectrin network dictates the stability of the endothelial cytoskeleton, which is attached to the apical membrane, at least in part, by the abundant transmembrane protein CD44. Single-particle tracking revealed that CD44 undergoes prolonged periods of immobilization as it tethers to the cytoskeleton. The CD44-spectrin "picket fence" alters the behavior of bystander molecules-notably, selectins-curtailing their mobility, inducing their apical accumulation, and favoring their clustering within caveolae. Accordingly, depletion of either spectrin or CD44 virtually eliminated leukocyte rolling and adhesion to the endothelium. Our results indicate that a unique spectrin-based apical cytoskeleton tethered to transmembrane pickets-notably, CD44-is essential for proper extravasation of leukocytes in response to inflammation.
多价内皮黏附受体(如选择素)复合物与白细胞结合,以协调其向炎症组织的迁移。适当的锚定和足够的内皮受体密度(聚集)对于有效捕获和滚动白细胞是必需的。我们证明,极化的血影蛋白网络决定了内皮细胞骨架的稳定性,内皮细胞骨架至少部分通过丰富的跨膜蛋白 CD44 附着在顶膜上。单颗粒追踪显示,CD44 在与细胞骨架连接时会经历长时间的固定。CD44-血影蛋白“尖桩篱笆”改变了旁观者分子的行为——特别是选择素——限制它们的流动性,诱导它们在顶端聚集,并有利于它们在 caveolae 内聚集。因此,血影蛋白或 CD44 的耗竭几乎完全消除了白细胞向内皮细胞的滚动和黏附。我们的结果表明,一种独特的基于血影蛋白的顶端细胞骨架与跨膜尖桩(特别是 CD44)相连,对于白细胞在炎症反应中正确渗出是必不可少的。
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