Castkova Klara, Kastyl Jaroslav, Sobola Dinara, Petrus Josef, Stastna Eva, Riha David, Tofel Pavel
Department of Ceramics and Polymers, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic.
CEITEC BUT - Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Jun 23;10(6):1221. doi: 10.3390/nano10061221.
Electrospinning as a versatile technique producing nanofibers was employed to study the influence of the processing parameters and chemical and physical parameters of solutions on poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) fibers' morphology, crystallinity, phase composition and dielectric and piezoelectric characteristics. PVDF fibrous layers with nano- and micro-sized fiber diameters were prepared by a controlled and reliable electrospinning process. The fibers with diameters from 276 nm to 1392 nm were spun at a voltage of 25 kV-50 kV from the pure PVDF solutions or in the presence of a surfactant-Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Although the presence of the CTAB decreased the fibers' diameter and increased the electroactive phase content, the piezoelectric performance of the PVDF material was evidently deteriorated. The maximum piezoelectric activity was achieved in the fibrous PVDF material without the use of the surfactant, when a piezoelectric charge of 33 pC N was measured in the transversal direction on a mean fiber diameter of 649 nm. In this direction, the material showed a higher piezoelectric activity than in the longitudinal direction.
静电纺丝作为一种制备纳米纤维的通用技术，被用于研究溶液的加工参数以及化学和物理参数对聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）纤维的形态、结晶度、相组成以及介电和压电特性的影响。通过可控且可靠的静电纺丝工艺制备了具有纳米和微米级纤维直径的PVDF纤维层。直径为276纳米至1392纳米的纤维在25 kV - 50 kV的电压下，从纯PVDF溶液或在表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）存在的情况下纺丝而成。尽管CTAB的存在减小了纤维直径并增加了电活性相含量，但PVDF材料的压电性能明显恶化。在不使用表面活性剂的纤维状PVDF材料中实现了最大压电活性，此时在平均纤维直径为649纳米的情况下，横向测量的压电电荷为33 pC/N。在这个方向上，该材料显示出比纵向更高的压电活性。
