High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Boulifa University Campus, Kef 7100, Tunisia.
Institut Supérieur du Sport et de l'Education Physique de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jun 23;17(12):4506. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124506.
This study investigated the effects of 4-weeks repeated sprint (RST) vs. repeated high-intensity-technique training (RTT) on physical performance. Thirty-six adolescent taekwondo athletes (age: 16 ± 1 yrs) were randomly assigned to RST (10 × 35 m sprint, 10 s rest), RTT (10 × 6 s Bandal-tchagui, 10 s rest) and control (control group (CG): no additional training) groups. Additionally, to their regular training, RST and RTT trained 2×/week for 4 weeks. Training load (TL), monotony, and strain were calculated using the rating of perceived exertion scale. The progressive specific taekwondo (PSTT), 20 m multistage shuttle run (SRT), 5 m shuttle run, agility T-test, taekwondo-specific agility (TSAT) and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests were performed before and after 4 weeks of training. Additionally, taekwondo athletes performed specific taekwondo exercises (i.e., repeated techniques for 10 s and 1 min). From week 1, mean TL increased continuously to week 4 and monotony and strain were higher at weeks 3 and 4 ( < 0.001). VO calculated from SRT and PSTT increased for RST and RTT in comparison to CG ( < 0.001). Agility performance during T-test and TSAT ( < 0.01) improved in RTT. The number of performed techniques during the 10 s specific exercise increased in RTT and RST ( < 0.01) for the dominant leg and in RTT for the non-dominant leg ( < 0.01). The number of techniques during the 1 min specific exercise was higher in RST and RTT compared to CG for the dominant leg ( < 0.001). Delta lactate at post-training was lower for RTT for both legs compared to RST and CG ( < 0.01). It is important to include a low-volume high-intensity training based on repeated sprint running or repeated technique in the training programs of adolescent taekwondo athletes.
这项研究调查了四周重复冲刺（RST）与重复高强度技术训练（RTT）对身体表现的影响。36 名青少年跆拳道运动员（年龄：16±1 岁）被随机分配到 RST（10×35 米冲刺，10 秒休息）、RTT（10×6 秒 Bandal-tchagui，10 秒休息）和对照组（CG：无额外训练）。此外，为了他们的常规训练，RST 和 RTT 每周训练 2 次，共进行了 4 周。使用感知用力量表计算训练负荷（TL）、单调性和应变。进行了渐进式专项跆拳道（PSTT）、20 米多阶段穿梭跑（SRT）、5 米穿梭跑、敏捷 T 测试、跆拳道专项敏捷（TSAT）和深蹲跳（CMJ）测试，以评估运动员的身体表现。此外，跆拳道运动员还进行了特定的跆拳道练习（即，重复进行 10 秒和 1 分钟的技术练习）。从第 1 周开始，TL 均值持续增加到第 4 周，第 3 周和第 4 周的单调性和应变更高（<0.001）。与 CG 相比，SRT 和 PSTT 计算的 VO 在 RST 和 RTT 中均增加（<0.001）。在 T 测试和 TSAT 中，RTT 的敏捷性表现（<0.01）提高。在 RTT 和 RST 中，10 秒特定练习中完成的技术数量（<0.01）增加，在 RTT 中，非主导腿的技术数量（<0.01）增加。与 CG 相比，RST 和 RTT 中主导腿的 1 分钟特定练习中的技术数量（<0.001）更高。与 RST 和 CG 相比，RTT 中两腿的训练后乳酸差值较低（<0.01）。在青少年跆拳道运动员的训练计划中，包括基于重复冲刺跑或重复技术的低容量高强度训练非常重要。
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