Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jun 23;21(12):4472. doi: 10.3390/ijms21124472.
Cardiovascular diseases, including coronary artery disease, ischemic heart diseases such as acute myocardial infarction and postischemic heart failure, heart failure of other etiologies, and cardiac arrhythmias, belong to the leading causes of death. Activation of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves by the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) capsaicin receptor and other receptors, as well as neuropeptide mediators released from them upon stimulation, play important physiological regulatory roles. Capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves also contribute to the development and progression of some cardiac diseases, as well as to mechanisms of endogenous stress adaptation leading to cardioprotection. In this review, we summarize the role of capsaicin-sensitive afferents and the TRPV1 ion channel in physiological and pathophysiological functions of the heart based mainly on experimental results and show their diagnostic or therapeutic potentials. Although the actions of several other channels or receptors expressed on cardiac sensory afferents and the effects of TRPV1 channel activation on different non-neural cell types in the heart are not precisely known, most data suggest that stimulation of the TRPV1-expressing sensory nerves or stimulation/overexpression of TRPV1 channels have beneficial effects in cardiac diseases.
心血管疾病，包括冠状动脉疾病、缺血性心脏病如急性心肌梗死和缺血性心力衰竭、其他病因的心力衰竭以及心律失常，属于主要的死亡原因。辣椒素敏感感觉神经的瞬时受体电位香草素 1（TRPV1）辣椒素受体和其他受体的激活，以及它们受到刺激时释放的神经肽介质，发挥着重要的生理调节作用。辣椒素敏感感觉神经也有助于一些心脏疾病的发展和进展，以及导致心脏保护的内源性应激适应机制。在这篇综述中，我们主要根据实验结果总结了辣椒素敏感传入神经和 TRPV1 离子通道在心脏生理和病理生理功能中的作用，并展示了它们的诊断或治疗潜力。尽管心脏感觉传入神经上表达的几个其他通道或受体的作用以及 TRPV1 通道激活对心脏中不同非神经细胞类型的影响尚不完全清楚，但大多数数据表明，TRPV1 表达感觉神经的刺激或 TRPV1 通道的刺激/过表达在心脏疾病中有有益的效果。
