美国消防员 5 年内肺功能下降。
Decreased Pulmonary Function Over 5 Years in US Firefighters.
机构信息
Department of Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York (Dr Mathias, Mr Graham, Dr Smith); Public Safety Occupational Health Center, Fairfax, Virginia (Dr Stewart); and Illinois Fire Service Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois (Dr Smith).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2020 Oct;62(10):816-819. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001944.
OBJECTIVE
To examine changes in pulmonary function over a 5-year period in US firefighters.
METHODS
Spirometry values from occupational medical examinations separated by 5 years (2009 to 2016) were examined from 662 career firefighters in Virginia. Predicted values and expected 5-year changes in one-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC were estimated using reference equations generated from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) data. Paired t-tests were used to identify significant changes over time and between the observed and expected changes.
RESULTS
FEV1 and FVC (percentage of predicted) decreased (P < 0.001) from 100.9 ± 0.6% to 92.3 ± 0.5% and 99.0 ± 0.6% to 91.9 ± 0.5%, respectfully. The observed decreases in FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC were two to four times greater (P < 0.001) than the expected decrease over 5 years.
CONCLUSION
Increased efforts are needed to ensure respiratory protection for US firefighters to minimize their risk of pulmonary damage.
目的
研究美国消防员在 5 年内肺功能的变化。
方法
弗吉尼亚州 662 名职业消防员的职业体检中，每隔 5 年（2009 年至 2016 年）的肺活量测定值进行了检查。使用第三次全国健康和营养检查调查（NHANES III）数据生成的参考方程，估算了一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、用力肺活量（FVC）和 FEV1/FVC 的预计值和 5 年预计变化。采用配对 t 检验确定随时间的显著变化以及观察到的变化与预期变化之间的差异。
结果
FEV1 和 FVC（预计百分比）从 100.9±0.6%下降至 92.3±0.5%和 99.0±0.6%下降至 91.9±0.5%（P<0.001）。FEV1、FVC 和 FEV1/FVC 的观察到的下降幅度比 5 年内预期下降幅度大 2 到 4 倍（P<0.001）。
结论
需要加大努力，确保美国消防员的呼吸保护，以尽量减少其肺部损伤的风险。
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