Occupational and Environmental Health Branch, Public Health Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Center for Studies on Workers' Health and Human Ecology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2020 Jun 1;21(6):1779-1786. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.6.1779.
Mechanics are exposed to known human carcinogens. This study aimed to compare mortality from selected cancers between male mechanics and the general population of the South and Southeast regions of Brazil.
Data on deaths, occurred between 2006-2017, among male mechanics and the general population, were obtained from the Mortality Information System. Occupations were classified using the Brazilian Classification of Occupations. Mortality Odds Ratio (MOR) and confidence intervals (95%) for selected cancers among mechanics, stratified by age (30-49, 50-69 years), race, and education compared to the general population, were estimated using logistic regression models.
In general, mechanics showed higher mortality from oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, lung and bladder cancers, but lower mortality for all leukemias. Oropharynx and larynx cancer mortality risk was slightly higher among older mechanics, while hypopharynx cancer mortality was more noticeable among the youngest. Lower mortality from all leukemias was observed only among younger mechanics. Mortality by oropharynx and larynx cancers were higher among white mechanics. They were also the only ones to experience higher mortality by hypopharynx cancer, while lung cancer mortality were increased only among non-white ones. Mechanics of all educational levels were more likely to die by the oropharynx cancer. Those with 1-7 and 8 or more years of schooling also showed excess of death by the cancers of larynx and all leukemias. Significantly higher mortality by pancreas cancer was only observed among mechanics with no education, while those with 1-7 years of schooling showed higher risk to die by lung and bladder cancers. Those with 8 or more years of schooling show increased mortality risk for hypopharynx cancer. Increased mortality risk for myeloid leukemia was only observed when stratified by region of residence.
Results of our study suggest a positive association between mechanic occupation and some specific cancers.
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机械师接触已知的人类致癌物。本研究旨在比较巴西南部和东南部地区男性机械师与一般人群中某些癌症的死亡率。
从死亡率信息系统中获取了 2006-2017 年间男性机械师和一般人群的死亡数据。使用巴西职业分类法对职业进行分类。使用逻辑回归模型估计了机械师与一般人群相比，按年龄（30-49、50-69 岁）、种族和教育程度分层的特定癌症的死亡率比值（MOR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
总体而言，机械师患口咽、下咽、喉、肺和膀胱癌的死亡率较高，但所有白血病的死亡率较低。年龄较大的机械师患口咽和喉癌的风险略高，而最年轻的机械师患下咽癌的风险更为明显。只有年轻的机械师才有较低的所有白血病死亡率。口咽癌和喉癌的死亡率在白人机械师中较高。他们也是唯一因下咽癌死亡率较高的人群，而只有非白人的肺癌死亡率增加。所有教育程度的机械师都更容易死于口咽癌。那些接受过 1-7 年和 8 年以上教育的人，喉癌和所有白血病的死亡率也过高。只有未受过教育的机械师胰腺癌死亡率显著较高，而接受过 1-7 年教育的机械师死于肺癌和膀胱癌的风险较高。接受过 8 年以上教育的机械师患下咽癌的死亡率增加。只有在按居住地区分层时，才观察到骨髓性白血病死亡率增加的风险。
本研究结果表明，机械师职业与某些特定癌症之间存在正相关关系。
