Osnovina I P, Alekseeva N V
Ivanovo State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ivanovo, Russia.
Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 2020;97(3):43-52. doi: 10.17116/kurort20209703143.
Impulse low-frequency magnetotherapy is a modern method of treating diseases of the musculoskeletal system, including osteoarthritis. The effectiveness of the therapeutic effect largely depends on the biotropic characteristics of the magnetic fields - the type of magnetic field, induction, frequency, pulse shape, exposure, exposure zone.
To conduct a comparative analysis of effectiveness of applying various modes of magnetotherapy using an impulse low-frequency magnetic field in patients with osteoarthritis.
A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial included 262 patients with grade II-III knee osteoarthritis according to the Kellgren-Lawrence classification. The 1st group included 56 patients who received local magnetic therapy on the knee using a running pulsed magnetic field (RPMF) - 20 mT, frequency 6.25 Hz, exposure time 20 min. The 2nd group included 99 patients who were exposed to a magnetic field using a combination of modes: 5 days - an impulse magnetic field (IMF) with induction of 2 mT, frequency of 100 Hz, then RPMF mode - 20 mT, frequency of 6.25 Hz, duration 20 min, number of procedures - 12. The third group included 97 patients who received placebo-magnetotherapy on the knee joint area. When analyzing the results, the VAS (100 mm) and WOMAC scales were used, as well as the subjective assessment of the treatment results by patients (5-point scale).
A pronounced symptom-modifying effect of magnetotherapy (according to VAS and WOMAC) was established in the form of a decrease in the severity of pain in patients with gonarthrosis (<0.01). There was a significant improvement in pain and stiffness indices, as well as functional characteristics (WOMAC), more pronounced in patients who received a combined regime of exposure to a magnetic field (<0.01). The use of magnetotherapy using various modes is safe for patients and does not cause serious adverse events.
The application of magnetotherapy equipment, which allows the use of various biotropic characteristics of magnetic field, is an effective and safe technology for treatment of patients with osteoarthritis.
脉冲低频磁疗法是治疗肌肉骨骼系统疾病（包括骨关节炎）的一种现代方法。治疗效果在很大程度上取决于磁场的生物特性——磁场类型、感应强度、频率、脉冲形状、照射方式、照射区域。
对骨关节炎患者应用脉冲低频磁场的各种磁疗模式的有效性进行比较分析。
一项随机、安慰剂对照临床试验纳入了262例根据凯尔格伦-劳伦斯分类法诊断为II-III级膝关节骨关节炎的患者。第一组包括56例患者，他们接受了膝关节局部磁疗，采用运行脉冲磁场（RPMF）——20 mT，频率6.25 Hz，照射时间20分钟。第二组包括99例患者，他们接受了多种模式组合的磁场照射：5天——感应强度为2 mT、频率为100 Hz的脉冲磁场（IMF），然后是RPMF模式——20 mT，频率6.25 Hz，持续时间20分钟，治疗次数——12次。第三组包括97例患者，他们在膝关节区域接受了安慰剂磁疗。在分析结果时，使用了视觉模拟评分法（VAS，100 mm）和西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数（WOMAC）量表，以及患者对治疗结果的主观评估（5分制）。
磁疗法（根据VAS和WOMAC）对膝关节病患者疼痛严重程度的降低具有显著的症状改善效果（<0.01）。疼痛和僵硬指数以及功能特征（WOMAC）有显著改善，在接受联合磁场照射方案的患者中更为明显（<0.01）。使用各种模式的磁疗法对患者是安全的，不会引起严重不良事件。
应用能够利用磁场各种生物特性的磁疗设备是治疗骨关节炎患者的一种有效且安全的技术。
