Oroszi Tamás, van Heuvelen Marieke J G, Nyakas Csaba, van der Zee Eddy A
Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Research Center for Molecular Exercise Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary.
F1000Res. 2020 Jun 17;9. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.22649.1. eCollection 2020.
Vibrations are all around us. We can detect vibrations with sensitive skin mechanoreceptors, but our conscious awareness of the presence of vibrations is often limited. Nevertheless, vibrations play a role in our everyday life. Here, we briefly describe the function of vibration detection and how it can be used for medical applications by way of whole body vibration. Strong vibrations can be harmful, but milder vibrations can be beneficial, although to what extent and how large the clinical relevance is are still controversial. Whole body vibration can be applied via a vibrating platform, used in both animal and human research. Recent findings make clear that the mode of action is twofold: next to the rather well-known exercise (muscle) component, it also has a sensory (skin) component. Notably, the sensory (skin) component stimulating the brain has potential for several purposes including improvements in brain-related disorders. Combining these two components by selecting the optimal settings in whole body vibration has clear potential for medical applications. To realize this, the field needs more standardized and personalized protocols. It should tackle what could be considered the "Big Five" variables of whole body vibration designs: vibration amplitude, vibration frequency, method of application, session duration/frequency, and total intervention duration. Unraveling the underlying mechanisms by translational research can help to determine the optimal settings. Many systematic reviews on whole body vibration end with the conclusion that the findings are promising yet inconclusive. This is mainly because of the large variation in the "Big Five" settings between studies and incomplete reporting of methodological details hindering reproducibility. We are of the opinion that when (part of) these optimal settings are being realized, a much better estimate can be given about the true potential of whole body vibration as a medical application.
振动在我们周围无处不在。我们可以通过敏感的皮肤机械感受器检测到振动，但我们对振动存在的有意识感知往往是有限的。然而，振动在我们的日常生活中发挥着作用。在这里，我们简要描述振动检测的功能以及它如何通过全身振动用于医学应用。强烈的振动可能是有害的，但较温和的振动可能是有益的，尽管其临床相关性的程度和范围仍存在争议。全身振动可以通过振动平台来施加，该平台已用于动物和人体研究。最近的研究结果表明其作用方式是双重的：除了广为人知的运动（肌肉）成分外，它还具有感觉（皮肤）成分。值得注意的是，刺激大脑的感觉（皮肤）成分有多种潜在用途，包括改善与大脑相关的疾病。通过在全身振动中选择最佳设置来结合这两个成分，在医学应用方面具有明显的潜力。要实现这一点，该领域需要更标准化和个性化的方案。它应该解决全身振动设计中可以被认为是“五大”变量的问题：振动幅度、振动频率、施加方法、疗程持续时间/频率以及总干预持续时间。通过转化研究揭示其潜在机制有助于确定最佳设置。许多关于全身振动的系统评价得出的结论是，研究结果很有前景但尚无定论。这主要是因为不同研究之间“五大”设置差异很大，且方法学细节报告不完整，阻碍了可重复性。我们认为，当（部分）这些最佳设置得以实现时，就能更好地评估全身振动作为一种医学应用的真正潜力。
