Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea.
Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea.
Diabetes Metab J. 2021 Jan;45(1):55-66. doi: 10.4093/dmj.2019.0189. Epub 2020 May 29.
Influenza is a global public health problem causing considerable morbidity and mortality. Although vaccination is the most effective way to prevent infection, vaccination coverage is insufficient in people with chronic disease under 65 years, especially diabetes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate influenza vaccination coverage and identify factors associated with influenza vaccination in Korean diabetic adults under 65 years.
Data were obtained from 24,821 subjects in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014 to 2017). Socioeconomic, health-related, and diabetic factors were investigated for their relations with influenza vaccination in diabetic patients under 65 years using univariate and multivariate analyses.
Among 24,821 subjects, 1,185 were diabetic patients under 65 years and their influenza vaccination rate was 36.5%. Socioeconomic (older age, female gender, non-smoker, light alcohol drinker, lower educational level, and employed status), health-related factors (lower fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin level, good self-perceived health status, more comorbidities, recent health screening, more outpatient visits, and diet therapy), and diabetic factors (more awareness and getting treated) were associated with influenza vaccination. In multivariate analysis, more awareness and getting treated for diabetes were associated with influenza vaccination in diabetic patients under 65 years (odds ratio, 1.496 and 1.413; 95% confidence interval, 1.022 to 2.188 and 1.018 to 2.054, respectively).
Influenza vaccination rate was low in diabetic patients under 65 years, especially in those with unawareness and not getting treated for diabetes. Active screening and treatment for diabetes may be helpful to improve the influenza vaccination rate in these patients.
流感是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，会导致相当高的发病率和死亡率。虽然接种疫苗是预防感染的最有效方法，但在 65 岁以下患有慢性病的人群中，疫苗接种率仍然不足，尤其是糖尿病患者。本研究旨在评估韩国 65 岁以下糖尿病成人的流感疫苗接种率，并确定与流感疫苗接种相关的因素。
数据来自韩国国家健康与营养调查（2014 年至 2017 年）的 24821 名受试者。使用单变量和多变量分析，调查了与 65 岁以下糖尿病患者相关的社会经济、健康相关和糖尿病因素与流感疫苗接种的关系。
在 24821 名受试者中，有 1185 名为 65 岁以下的糖尿病患者，其流感疫苗接种率为 36.5%。社会经济因素（年龄较大、女性、非吸烟者、轻度饮酒者、较低的教育水平和就业状况）、健康相关因素（较低的空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白水平、较好的自我健康状况感知、更多的合并症、最近的健康筛查、更多的门诊就诊和饮食疗法）和糖尿病因素（更多的知晓和治疗）与流感疫苗接种相关。在多变量分析中，糖尿病的更多知晓和治疗与 65 岁以下糖尿病患者的流感疫苗接种相关（比值比分别为 1.496 和 1.413；95%置信区间分别为 1.022 至 2.188 和 1.018 至 2.054）。
65 岁以下糖尿病患者的流感疫苗接种率较低，尤其是那些对糖尿病缺乏认识和未得到治疗的患者。积极筛查和治疗糖尿病可能有助于提高这些患者的流感疫苗接种率。
