Jing Siqun, Zhao Zhengmei, Wu Jinzi, Yan Liang-Jun
Yingdong Food College, Shaoguan Unversity, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512005, People's Republic of China.
College of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, People's Republic of China.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020 Jun 23;13:2147-2155. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S258116. eCollection 2020.
The purpose of the present study was to reveal the potential positive effect of the Ta-ermi extracts on oxidative stress and streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic mice and rats treated with Ta-ermi water- and alcohol-extracts.
The study was carried out using three experimental model: 1) in vitro experiments whereby Ta-ermi extracts were incubated with free radical generators such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) to evaluate Ta-ermi's antioxidant effects; 2) testing the hypoglycemic effects of Ta-ermi extracts in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice; and 3) testing the beneficial effects of Ta-ermi extracts on mitochondrial complex I function using STZ-diabetic rats.
In vitro antioxidant experiments showed that both of the extracts could scavenge free radicals and exhibited inhibitory effects on glucosidase and aldose reductase with differential effects between water extract and alcohol extract. In the STZ mouse diabetic model, both the water- and alcohol-extracts attenuated body weight decrease, decreased blood glucose levels in a concentration-dependent manner, improved insulin sensitivity, and increased oral glucose tolerance ability. In the STZ-diabetic rat model, both the water- and alcohol-extracts were found to be able to lower blood glucose levels in the diabetic animals with no effects on body weight changes. Moreover, in the STZ-diabetic rats, both the water- and alcohol-extracts of Ta-ermi could inhibit the increase of mitochondrial NADH/ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) activity in the pancreas and enhanced complex I activity in the liver but showed no effect on lung or kidney mitochondrial complex I.
The present study points to the potential medicinal value of Ta-ermi's water and alcohol extracts in lowering blood glucose and decreasing diabetic oxidative stress. One limitation of our study is that the compound or compounds that actually have this beneficial effect in the extracts remain unknown at this time. Therefore, the future studies should be focused on the identification of the components in the extracts that exhibit anti-oxidative and hypoglycemic effects.
Taken together, our studies using different experimental paradigms indicate that Ta-ermi extracts possess antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties and may be employed as functional food ingredients for the remission of diabetes.
本研究的目的是揭示塔儿米提取物对氧化应激的潜在积极作用，以及对用塔儿米水提取物和醇提取物处理的链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的糖尿病小鼠和大鼠的影响。
本研究采用三种实验模型进行：1）体外实验，将塔儿米提取物与自由基生成剂如2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼水合物（DPPH）和2,2'-偶氮双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）一起孵育，以评估塔儿米的抗氧化作用；2）测试塔儿米提取物对链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用；3）使用STZ诱导的糖尿病大鼠测试塔儿米提取物对线粒体复合物I功能的有益作用。
体外抗氧化实验表明，两种提取物都能清除自由基，并对葡萄糖苷酶和醛糖还原酶表现出抑制作用，水提取物和醇提取物之间存在差异效应。在STZ小鼠糖尿病模型中，水提取物和醇提取物均减轻了体重下降，以浓度依赖的方式降低了血糖水平，改善了胰岛素敏感性，并提高了口服葡萄糖耐量能力。在STZ糖尿病大鼠模型中，发现水提取物和醇提取物均能降低糖尿病动物的血糖水平，对体重变化无影响。此外，在STZ糖尿病大鼠中，塔儿米的水提取物和醇提取物均能抑制胰腺中线粒体NADH/泛醌氧化还原酶（复合物I）活性的增加，并增强肝脏中复合物I的活性，但对肺或肾线粒体复合物I无影响。
本研究指出塔儿米水提取物和醇提取物在降低血糖和减轻糖尿病氧化应激方面具有潜在的药用价值。我们研究的一个局限性是，此时提取物中实际具有这种有益作用的一种或多种化合物仍然未知。因此，未来的研究应集中于鉴定提取物中具有抗氧化和降血糖作用的成分。
综上所述，我们使用不同实验范式的研究表明，塔儿米提取物具有抗氧化和抗糖尿病特性，可作为缓解糖尿病的功能性食品成分。
