Peterson Rachel L, Gilsanz Paola, George Kristen M, Ackley Sarah, Glymour M Maria, Mungas Dan M, Whitmer Rachel A
University of California Davis School of Medicine Davis California USA.
Kaiser Permanente Division of Research Oakland California USA.
Alzheimers Dement (N Y). 2020 Jun 26;6(1):e12047. doi: 10.1002/trc2.12047. eCollection 2020.
Leisure time activity is associated with better cognitive function but has not been well studied in racially/ethnically diverse cohorts, who may have different access to activities.
Frequency of participation in 10 leisure time activities (eg, reading, attending cultural events) and cognition (executive function, semantic memory, and verbal episodic memory) were assessed at Wave 1 in the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (KHANDLE) study, a prospective cohort initiated in 2017. Linear regression models adjusted for sociodemographics and depression estimated cross-sectional associations between leisure time activity variety and frequency and cognitive domains overall and by race/ethnicity. Logistic regression models estimated odds of cognitive impairment among those in the lowest quartiles of activity variety and frequency. All models controlled for age, sex, education, income, retirement status, and depression.
Higher leisure time activity variety was significantly associated with better cognition for all, except for verbal episodic memory among Asians (β = 0.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.004, 0.11) and semantic memory among Latinos (β = 0.04, 95% CI: -0.01, 0.08). Low activity variety was associated with nearly three-fold increased odds of cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.87, 95% CI: 1.77, 4.64). Activity frequency was associated with higher executive function only among whites (β = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.18). Patterns by race/ethnicity were not explained by education.
Engaging in a wider variety of leisure time activities may be more important than frequently participating in fewer activities for cognitive aging in racially/ethnically diverse cohorts.
休闲活动与更好的认知功能相关，但在种族/民族多样化的队列中尚未得到充分研究，这些人群参与活动的机会可能不同。
在凯泽健康老龄化与多样化生活经历（KHANDLE）研究的第1波中评估了参与10种休闲活动（如阅读、参加文化活动）的频率和认知情况（执行功能、语义记忆和言语情景记忆），该前瞻性队列始于2017年。针对社会人口统计学和抑郁症进行调整的线性回归模型估计了休闲活动多样性和频率与总体认知领域以及按种族/民族划分的认知领域之间的横断面关联。逻辑回归模型估计了活动多样性和频率处于最低四分位数的人群中认知障碍的几率。所有模型均控制了年龄、性别、教育程度、收入、退休状况和抑郁症。
更高的休闲活动多样性与所有人更好的认知显著相关，但亚洲人的言语情景记忆（β = 0.05，95%置信区间[CI]：-0.004，0.11）和拉丁裔的语义记忆（β = 0.04，95% CI：-0.01，0.08）除外。低活动多样性与认知障碍几率增加近三倍相关（调整后的优势比[OR] = 2.87，95% CI：1.77，4.64）。仅在白人中，活动频率与更高的执行功能相关（β = 0.10，95% CI：0.02，0.18）。教育程度并不能解释种族/民族的模式。
对于种族/民族多样化的队列中的认知老化而言，参与更广泛的休闲活动可能比频繁参与较少的活动更为重要。
