Associate Graduate Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, João Pessoa, Brazil -
International Faculty of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2020 Dec;60(12):1536-1543. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.11104-6. Epub 2020 Jun 30.
The aims of this study were to compare anthropometric and fitness variables of high-level beach handball players across Under-19 (U-19), Under-21 (U-21) and senior male categories, and between male and female senior players; and to test the correlations among those measures.
A total of 70 high-level players (53 male of different ages) were evaluated for 5-m acceleration, 15-m sprint, horizontal jump, handgrip strength, specific beach handball throwing velocities, and anthropometric variables. Differences between age groups were tested using ANOVA. Independent t-test was used to compare fitness variables between male and female elite athletes, and Pearson partial correlation coefficients were calculated between each of the fitness variables using BMI and age as covariates. SPSS Software was used, and the level of significance was set at 95%.
The U-21 athletes better performed on horizontal jump and 6-m throw than the U-19 athletes. Senior athletes showed better performance on horizontal jump than U-19 athletes (P≤0.05). Positive correlation was seen for handgrip on dominant and non-dominant hands and 6-m throwing speed, and for handgrip on dominant hand and inflight velocity (P≤0.05). Negative correlations were observed between horizontal jump and 5-m acceleration, and 15-m sprint (P≤0.01 and P≤0.05, respectively).
Male athletes better performed than women in all the fitness tests. The study, for the first time, showed physical fitness comparisons between beach handball elite male athletes of different ages and between genders. These are key steps for coaches and athletes and may support future beach handball studies and practice.
本研究旨在比较高水平沙滩手球运动员在 U-19、U-21 和成年男运动员之间，以及男、女成年运动员之间的人体测量和体能变量，并测试这些指标之间的相关性。
共有 70 名高水平运动员（53 名不同年龄的男性）接受了 5 米加速、15 米冲刺、水平跳跃、握力、特定沙滩手球投掷速度和人体测量变量的评估。使用 ANOVA 测试年龄组之间的差异。使用独立 t 检验比较男女精英运动员之间的体能变量，并使用 BMI 和年龄作为协变量计算每个体能变量之间的 Pearson 偏相关系数。使用 SPSS 软件，显著性水平设置为 95%。
U-21 运动员在水平跳跃和 6 米投掷方面优于 U-19 运动员。成年运动员的水平跳跃表现优于 U-19 运动员（P≤0.05）。优势手和非优势手的握力与 6 米投掷速度，以及优势手的握力与飞行速度之间存在正相关（P≤0.05）。水平跳跃与 5 米加速和 15 米冲刺之间存在负相关（P≤0.01 和 P≤0.05）。
男性运动员在所有体能测试中均优于女性。本研究首次比较了不同年龄和性别的沙滩手球精英男运动员的体能。这些是教练和运动员的关键步骤，可能支持未来的沙滩手球研究和实践。
