Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
Chem Rev. 2020 Aug 26;120(16):8161-8266. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00119. Epub 2020 Jul 1.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent the largest known class of porous crystalline materials ever synthesized. Their narrow pore windows and nearly unlimited structural and chemical features have made these materials of significant interest for membrane-based gas separations. In this comprehensive review, we discuss opportunities and challenges related to the formation of pure MOF films and mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs). Common and emerging separation applications are identified, and membrane transport theory for MOFs is described and contextualized relative to the governing principles that describe transport in polymers. Additionally, cross-cutting research opportunities using advanced metrologies and computational techniques are reviewed. To quantify membrane performance, we introduce a simple membrane performance score that has been tabulated for all of the literature data compiled in this review. These data are reported on upper bound plots, revealing classes of MOF materials that consistently demonstrate promising separation performance. Recommendations are provided with the intent of identifying the most promising materials and directions for the field in terms of fundamental science and eventual deployment of MOF materials for commercial membrane-based gas separations.
金属-有机骨架（MOFs）代表了迄今为止合成的最大已知多孔晶体材料类别。其狭窄的孔窗和几乎无限的结构和化学特征，使得这些材料在基于膜的气体分离方面具有重要的应用价值。在这篇全面的综述中，我们讨论了与纯 MOF 薄膜和混合基质膜（MMM）的形成相关的机遇和挑战。确定了常见和新兴的分离应用，并描述和阐述了 MOF 的膜传输理论，相对于描述聚合物中传输的控制原理。此外，还审查了使用先进计量学和计算技术的跨学科研究机会。为了量化膜性能，我们引入了一个简单的膜性能评分，该评分已为本文综述中汇编的所有文献数据制表。这些数据报告在上限图上，揭示了一类始终表现出有前途的分离性能的 MOF 材料。我们提供了建议，目的是确定最有前途的材料和方向，从基础科学和最终商业膜基气体分离中 MOF 材料的部署两个方面来看。
