Passos Maria do Carmo F, Takemoto Maira Libertad Soligo, Guedes Luciana S
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
ANOVA Consultoria em Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Arq Gastroenterol. 2020 Apr-Jun;57(2):144-149. doi: 10.1590/S0004-2803.202000000-26.
Adequate fiber intake is associated with digestive health and reduced risk of several noncommunicable diseases and is recognized as essential for human health (World Health Organization, 2003). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a daily fiber consumption of ≥25 g, but previous studies observed a fiber intake in Brazil lower than recommended.
We aimed to describe fiber intake among adults in Brazil and also respondents' knowledge and perceptions about their fiber intake.
National online survey with community-dwelling Brazilian individuals. The survey was conducted during September 2018, using an online platform with closed-ended questions. A representative sample of Brazilian internet users stratified by sex, age, socioeconomic status and geographic region was adopted. Sample size was calculated using a 2% error margin and 95% confidence interval (n=2,000). Data was descriptively analyzed using measures of frequency, central tendency and dispersion.
Sample included 2,000 individuals who were well-balanced in terms of sex (51.2% female), with mean age of 35.9 years (most represented age group was 35-54 years, 39.6%) and from all country geographic regions (49.4% from Southeast). A total of 69.7% of them consider their usual diet as healthy and 78.4% reported consuming fibers regularly. Fibers from natural sources are consumed at least once a day by 69.5% of the sample, while daily fiber supplements were reported by 29.9%. Absence of regular fiber intake was reported by 21.7% of respondents and the most common reason was "lack of knowledge about fiber sources" (39.3%). When informed about the food sources of each type of fiber (soluble and insoluble) and asked about the regular intake, only 2.5% answered that they do not consume any of them regularly (as opposed to 21.7% before receiving information about specific fiber sources).
Our findings indicate that fiber intake in Brazil is probably insufficient with a high proportion of individuals reporting irregular or absent ingestion of fiber sources in their daily lives. Lack of knowledge about fiber sources and fiber types seems to play a role in this inadequate intake, highlighting the need for nutritional education to achieve healthy dietary patterns in the country.
充足的纤维摄入量与消化健康相关，且能降低多种非传染性疾病的风险，被认为是人类健康所必需的（世界卫生组织，2003年）。世界卫生组织（WHO）建议每日纤维摄入量≥25克，但此前的研究发现巴西人的纤维摄入量低于建议值。
我们旨在描述巴西成年人的纤维摄入量，以及受访者对自身纤维摄入量的了解和认知情况。
对居住在巴西社区的个人进行全国性在线调查。调查于2018年9月进行，使用带有封闭式问题的在线平台。采用按性别、年龄、社会经济地位和地理区域分层的巴西互联网用户代表性样本。样本量根据2%的误差幅度和95%的置信区间计算得出（n = 2000）。使用频率、集中趋势和离散度测量方法对数据进行描述性分析。
样本包括2000名个体，性别分布均衡（女性占51.2%），平均年龄为35.9岁（最具代表性的年龄组为35 - 54岁，占39.6%），来自全国所有地理区域（49.4%来自东南部）。其中共有69.7%的人认为自己平时的饮食健康，78.4%的人报告经常摄入纤维。69.5%的样本每天至少食用一次天然来源的纤维，而29.9%的人报告每天服用纤维补充剂。21.7%的受访者报告没有规律摄入纤维，最常见的原因是“对纤维来源缺乏了解”（39.3%）。当被告知每种类型纤维（可溶性和不可溶性）的食物来源并询问规律摄入量时，只有2.5%的人回答他们没有规律摄入任何一种纤维（而在收到关于特定纤维来源的信息之前这一比例为21.7%）。
我们的研究结果表明，巴西的纤维摄入量可能不足，很大一部分人报告在日常生活中纤维来源的摄入不规律或没有摄入。对纤维来源和纤维类型缺乏了解似乎在这种摄入不足中起到了作用，这凸显了在该国开展营养教育以实现健康饮食模式的必要性。
