Department of Pediatrics, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, Japan.
Division of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital for Sick Children, Canada.
Jpn J Infect Dis. 2021 Jan 22;74(1):23-28. doi: 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2020.154. Epub 2020 Jun 30.
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the most common diseases globally among children. This study aimed to assess the epidemiology of admission-requiring pediatric RTI cases and evaluate the effect of the pathogen type on the length of hospital stay (LOS) using the FilmArray respiratory panel, a multiplex PCR test. The age-specific distribution and seasonality of viruses were investigated between March 26, 2018 and April 12, 2019. Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of pathogen type and coinfection on LOS. Among 153 hospitalized RTI patients, respiratory syncytial virus was the leading cause of hospitalization in infants < 12 months of age (27.7%). Human metapneumovirus and parainfluenza virus were also major causes of hospitalization in patients aged 2-3 years (22.6% and 22.6%, respectively). In the multivariable linear regression model excluding rhinovirus/enterovirus, there was a significant association between viral coinfection and longer LOS (p = 0.012), while single viral infection of any type was not positively correlated with LOS. This study revealed the epidemiology of admission-requiring pediatric RTIs.
呼吸道感染（RTI）是全球儿童中最常见的疾病。本研究旨在评估采用 FilmArray 呼吸道多重 PCR 检测试剂盒进行检测的需要住院的儿科 RTI 病例的流行病学，并评估病原体类型对住院时间（LOS）的影响。研究调查了 2018 年 3 月 26 日至 2019 年 4 月 12 日期间病毒的年龄特异性分布和季节性。采用多变量线性回归分析评估病原体类型和合并感染对 LOS 的影响。在 153 例住院 RTI 患者中，呼吸道合胞病毒是<12 个月婴儿住院的主要原因（27.7%）。人类偏肺病毒和副流感病毒也是 2-3 岁患者住院的主要原因（分别为 22.6%和 22.6%）。在排除鼻病毒/肠道病毒的多变量线性回归模型中，病毒合并感染与 LOS 延长显著相关（p=0.012），而任何单一类型的病毒感染与 LOS 无显著正相关。本研究揭示了需要住院的儿科 RTI 的流行病学。
