Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2020 Sep;104:605-612. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.06.047. Epub 2020 Jun 30.
Classical characteristic of the innate immune system is the lack of ability to build up immunological memory, contrast to the adaptive immune system that is capable of "remembering" antigens, and rapidly mount a greater magnitude of immune response upon subsequent exposure to the same antigens. Peculiarly, immunological memory of innate immunity is evidenced in invertebrates. At least three different memory phenomena have been described, namely sustained unique response, recalled response, and immune shift. Studies attended to decipher the mechanistic biology of the innate immune memory reveals the role of epigenetics, which modulates the response of immune memory, and the heritability of immune memory to subsequent generations. A parthenogenetic Artemia model demonstrated successful transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of resistance trait against Vibrio campbellii. Following, the role of invertebrate hemocytes and Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam) in innate immune memory is reviewed. While there is no vertebrate antibody homolog found in invertebrates, Dscam was found to resemble the functionality of vertebrate antibody. Insight of Dscam as immune factor was illustrated further in the current review.
先天免疫系统的经典特征是缺乏建立免疫记忆的能力，与之形成对比的是，适应性免疫系统能够“记住”抗原，并在随后再次接触相同抗原时迅速产生更大规模的免疫反应。奇怪的是，先天免疫的免疫记忆在无脊椎动物中得到了证明。至少已经描述了三种不同的记忆现象，即持续的独特反应、回忆反应和免疫转移。研究旨在阐明先天免疫记忆的机制生物学，揭示了表观遗传学在调节免疫记忆反应和免疫记忆向后代遗传中的作用。孤雌生殖的卤虫模型成功地展示了对坎贝尔氏弧菌的抗性特征的跨代表观遗传遗传。接下来，综述了无脊椎动物血细胞和唐氏综合征细胞黏附分子（Dscam）在先天免疫记忆中的作用。虽然在无脊椎动物中没有发现脊椎动物抗体同源物，但 Dscam 的功能类似于脊椎动物抗体。在当前的综述中，进一步说明了 Dscam 作为免疫因子的作用。
