Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, and Johns Hopkins Malaria Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Trends Parasitol. 2020 Aug;36(8):705-716. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.05.011. Epub 2020 Jul 1.
Plasmodium parasites experience significant bottlenecks as they transit through the mosquito and are transmitted to their mammalian host. Oocyst prevalence on mosquito midguts and sporozoite prevalence in salivary glands are nevertheless commonly used to confirm successful malaria transmission, assuming that these are reliable indicators of the mosquito's capacity to give rise to secondary infections. Here we discuss recent insights in sporogonic development and transmission bottlenecks for Plasmodium. We highlight critical gaps in our knowledge and frame their importance in understanding the human and mosquito reservoirs of infection. A better understanding of the events that lead to successful inoculation of infectious sporozoites by mosquitoes is critical to designing effective interventions to shrink the malaria map.
疟原虫在通过蚊子并传播给它们的哺乳动物宿主时经历了严重的瓶颈。然而，卵囊在蚊子中肠的流行率和唾液腺中的子孢子流行率通常用于确认疟疾的成功传播，假设这些是蚊子产生二次感染能力的可靠指标。在这里，我们讨论了疟原虫的孢子发生发育和传播瓶颈的最新见解。我们强调了我们知识中的关键差距，并阐述了它们在理解人类和蚊子感染库中的重要性。更好地了解导致蚊子成功接种传染性子孢子的事件对于设计缩小疟疾地图的有效干预措施至关重要。
