Taylor Peter J, Hagen Jana, Faruqu Farid N, Al-Jamal Khuloud T, Quigley Bonnie, Beeby Morgan, Selkirk Murray E, Sarkies Peter
Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W120NN, UK; MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Int J Parasitol. 2020 Aug;50(9):697-705. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.05.008. Epub 2020 Jul 3.
Many organisms, including parasitic nematodes, secrete small RNAs into the extracellular environment, largely encapsulated within small vesicles. Parasite-secreted material often contains microRNAs (miRNAs), raising the possibility that they might regulate host genes in target cells. Here we characterise secreted RNAs from the parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis at two different life stages. We show that adult T. spiralis, which inhabit intestinal mucosa, secrete miRNAs within vesicles. Unexpectedly, T. spiralis muscle stage larvae, which live intracellularly within skeletal muscle cells, secrete miRNAs that appear not to be encapsulated. Notably, secreted miRNAs include a homologue of mammalian miRNA-31, which has an important role in muscle development. Our work therefore suggests that RNAs may be secreted without encapsulation in vesicles, with implications for the biology of T. spiralis infection.
许多生物，包括寄生线虫，都会将小RNA分泌到细胞外环境中，这些小RNA大多包裹在小囊泡内。寄生虫分泌的物质通常含有微小RNA（miRNA），这增加了它们可能调控靶细胞中宿主基因的可能性。在此，我们对寄生线虫旋毛虫在两个不同生命阶段分泌的RNA进行了表征。我们发现，寄居于肠道黏膜的旋毛虫成虫会在囊泡内分泌miRNA。出乎意料的是，在骨骼肌细胞内寄生的旋毛虫肌幼虫分泌的miRNA似乎没有被包裹。值得注意的是，分泌的miRNA包括哺乳动物miRNA - 31的一个同源物，它在肌肉发育中具有重要作用。因此，我们的研究表明RNA可能在没有被包裹在囊泡的情况下分泌，这对旋毛虫感染生物学具有重要意义。
