Cleveland Christopher A, Swanepoel Liandrie, Brown Justin D, Casalena Mary Jo, Williams Lisa, Yabsley Michael J
Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30601, USA.
Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Vet Sci. 2020 Jun 30;7(3):82. doi: 10.3390/vetsci7030082.
The genus contains two major clades, the Lyme borreliosis group, which includes the causative agents of Lyme disease/borreliosis ( sensu stricto and other related sensu lato genospecies), and the relapsing fever borreliosis group ( and ). Other unclassified reptile- and echidna-associated spp. (i.e., and ' Borrelia tachyglossi', respectively) do not belong in either of these two groups. In North America, spp. from both of the major clades are important pathogens of veterinary and public health concern. Lyme disease is of particular interest because the incidence in the northeastern United States continues to increase in both dogs and humans. Birds have a potentially important role in the ecology of species because they are hosts for numerous tick vectors and competent hosts for various spp. Our goal was to investigate the prevalence of spp. in four free-living species of upland game birds in Pennsylvania, USA including wild turkey (), ruffed grouse (), ring-necked pheasants (), and American woodcock (). We tested 205 tissue samples (bone marrow and/or spleen samples) from 169 individuals for using a flagellin gene () nested PCR, which amplifies all species. We detected DNA in 12% (24/205) of samples, the highest prevalence was in wild turkeys (16%; 5/31), followed by ruffed grouse (13%; 16/126) and American woodcock (3%; 1/35). All pheasants (n = 13) were negative. We sequenced amplicons from all positive game birds and all were sensu stricto. Our results support previous work indicating that certain species of upland game birds are commonly infected with species, but unlike previous studies, we did not find any relapsing fever borreliae.
该属包含两个主要分支，即莱姆病螺旋体组，其中包括莱姆病/包柔螺旋体病的病原体（狭义及其他相关广义基因种），以及回归热包柔螺旋体病组。其他未分类的与爬行动物和针鼹相关的疏螺旋体物种（即分别为“Borrelia alacertae”和“Borrelia tachyglossi”）不属于这两个组中的任何一个。在北美，来自两个主要分支的疏螺旋体物种都是兽医和公共卫生关注的重要病原体。莱姆病尤其令人关注，因为在美国东北部，犬类和人类中的发病率都在持续上升。鸟类在疏螺旋体物种的生态中可能具有重要作用，因为它们是众多蜱虫媒介的宿主，也是各种疏螺旋体物种的适宜宿主。我们的目标是调查美国宾夕法尼亚州四种自由生活的高地猎鸟物种中疏螺旋体物种的流行情况，这些物种包括野生火鸡（Meleagris gallopavo）、披肩榛鸡（Bonasa umbellus）、环颈雉（Phasianus colchicus）和美洲丘鹬（Scolopax minor）。我们使用鞭毛蛋白基因（flaB）巢式PCR对来自169只个体的205份组织样本（骨髓和/或脾脏样本）进行检测，该方法可扩增所有疏螺旋体物种。我们在12%（24/205）的样本中检测到了疏螺旋体DNA，最高流行率出现在野生火鸡中（16%；5/31），其次是披肩榛鸡（13%；16/126）和美洲丘鹬（3%；1/35）。所有雉鸡（n = 13）均为阴性。我们对所有阳性猎鸟的扩增子进行了测序，所有序列均为狭义疏螺旋体。我们的结果支持了之前的研究工作，表明某些高地猎鸟物种普遍感染疏螺旋体物种，但与之前的研究不同，我们未发现任何回归热疏螺旋体。
