短扩牙周病患者萎缩牙槽骨内口腔修复用种植体的临床效果：一项前瞻性单中心队列研究的 3 年结果。

Clinical Performance of Short Expandable Dental Implants for Oral Rehabilitation in Highly Atrophic Alveolar Bone: 3-year Results of a Prospective Single-Center Cohort Study.

机构信息

Department of Oral and Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Halle, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.

Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University School of Dental Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 16, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany.

出版信息

Medicina (Kaunas). 2020 Jul 3;56(7):333. doi: 10.3390/medicina56070333.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) is compromised during the post-implant healing period, especially when vertical augmentation is required. A long-term trial sought to evaluate a short dental implant system with an apically expandable macro-design.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Over 4.5 years, patients with limited vertical alveolar bone were consecutively recruited into this prospective cohort study. Implant success rate, OHRQOL (Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14), implant stability, and crestal bone changes were evaluated.

RESULTS

Data from 30 patients (mean age: 64.6 years, range 44-83) were analyzed, which related to 104 implants (53 in the maxilla, 51 in the mandible). Over the mean follow-up (42.6 ± 16.4 months), the implant success rate was 94.7% in the mandible (two implants lost) and 83.6% in the maxilla (four implants lost; = 0.096), and the prosthetic success rate was 100%. The median OHIP-14 scores improved from 23 (interquartile range (IQR) 9-25.5) to 2 (IQR 0-5; < 0.001). The mean implant stability quotient (ISQ) was 71.2 ± 10.6 for primary stability and 73.7 ± 13.3 ( = 0.213) for secondary stability, without significant maxilla-versus-mandible differences ( ≥ 0.066). Compared to the baseline, median crestal bone changes after loading were 1.0 mm (IQR 0-1.3) and 1.0 mm (IQR 0.2-1.2) in the maxilla and mandible ( = 0.508), respectively, at the end of the first year, 1.1 mm (IQR 0-1.3) and 1.0 mm (IQR 0.1-1.2) ( = 0.382), respectively, at the end of the second year, and 1.2 mm (IQR 0-1.9) and 1.1 mm (IQR 0.1-1.2) ( = 0.304), respectively, at the end of the third year.

CONCLUSIONS

In patients with limited vertical bone height, short implants with optimized macro-design constitute a reliable method for functional rehabilitation, avoiding extensive alveolar bone augmentation.

背景与目的

在种植体愈合后期，口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQOL）会受到影响，尤其是需要进行垂直骨增量时。一项长期试验旨在评估一种具有根尖扩展式宏观设计的短种植体系统。

材料与方法

在超过 4.5 年的时间里，连续招募了患有局限性牙槽骨垂直高度不足的患者参与这项前瞻性队列研究。评估了种植体成功率、OHRQOL（口腔健康影响程度量表-14 项）、种植体稳定性和牙槽嵴骨变化。

结果

共分析了 30 名患者（平均年龄：64.6 岁，范围 44-83 岁）的数据，共涉及 104 枚种植体（53 枚在上颌，51 枚在下颌）。在平均随访（42.6 ± 16.4 个月）期间，下颌种植体成功率为 94.7%（2 枚种植体失败），上颌种植体成功率为 83.6%（4 枚种植体失败；=0.096），修复体成功率为 100%。OHIP-14 评分中位数从 23（四分位距（IQR）9-25.5）改善至 2（IQR 0-5；<0.001）。种植体初始稳定性的平均种植体稳定性指数（ISQ）为 71.2±10.6，二次稳定性的 ISQ 为 73.7±13.3（=0.213），上颌和下颌之间无显著差异（≥0.066）。与基线相比，加载后第一年结束时，上颌和下颌牙槽嵴骨的中位骨变化分别为 1.0mm（IQR 0-1.3）和 1.0mm（IQR 0.2-1.2）（=0.508），第二年结束时分别为 1.1mm（IQR 0-1.3）和 1.0mm（IQR 0.1-1.2）（=0.382），第三年结束时分别为 1.2mm（IQR 0-1.9）和 1.1mm（IQR 0.1-1.2）（=0.304）。