Department of Architecture, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
School of Energy Science & Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410012, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Nov 10;742:140092. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140092. Epub 2020 Jun 15.
Urban open spaces provide various benefits to large populations in cities. Since thermally comfortable urban open spaces improve the quality of urban living, an increasing number of studies have been conducted to extend the existing knowledge of outdoor thermal comfort. This paper comprehensively reviews current outdoor thermal comfort studies, including benchmarks, data collection methods, and models of outdoor thermal comfort. Because outdoor thermal comfort is a complex issue influenced by various factors, a conceptual framework is proposed which includes physical, physiological and psychological factors as direct influences; and behavioral, personal, social, cultural factors, as well as thermal history, site, and alliesthesia, as indirect influences. These direct and indirect factors are further decomposed and reviewed, and the interactions among various factors are discussed. This review provides researchers with a systematic and comprehensive understanding of outdoor thermal comfort, and can also guide designers and planners in creating thermally comfortable urban open spaces.
城市开放空间为城市中的大量人口提供了各种益处。由于热舒适的城市开放空间可以提高城市生活的质量，因此越来越多的研究旨在扩展户外热舒适的现有知识。本文全面回顾了当前的户外热舒适研究，包括基准、数据收集方法和户外热舒适模型。由于户外热舒适是一个受到多种因素影响的复杂问题，因此提出了一个概念框架，其中包括物理、生理和心理因素作为直接影响因素；以及行为、个人、社会、文化因素，以及热历史、地点和感觉适应作为间接影响因素。这些直接和间接因素进一步进行了分解和回顾，并讨论了各种因素之间的相互作用。本综述为研究人员提供了对户外热舒适的系统和全面的理解，也可以为设计师和规划师创造热舒适的城市开放空间提供指导。
