Minami Masaaki, Takase Hiroshi, Taira Masayo, Makino Toshiaki
Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
Core Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
Dent J (Basel). 2020 Jul 6;8(3):71. doi: 10.3390/dj8030071.
, a bacterium that causes dental plaques, forms a biofilm on tooth surfaces. This biofilm can cause gingivitis by stimulating the gingival margin. However, there is no established treatment for biofilm removal. Hainosan (Painongsan), a traditional Japanese Kampo formula, has been used to treat gingivitis. Therefore, we investigated the biofilm suppressive effects of the hainosan extract (HNS) and its components on . We conducted scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser microscopy analyses to clarify the anti-biofilm activities of HNS and its crude drugs. We also performed a quantitative RT-PCR assay to assess the biofilm-related gene expression. HNS showed a significant dose-dependent suppressive effect on biofilm formation. Both the scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser microscopy analyses also revealed the significant inhibitory effects of the extract on biofilm formation. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that HNS disrupted the surface of the bacterial wall. Furthermore, HNS reduced the hydrophobicity of the bacteria, and suppressed the mRNA expression of β-glucosyltransferase (), glucosyltransferase-SI (), and fructosyltransferase (). Among the constituents of hainosan, the extract of the root of (PG) showed the strongest biofilm suppression effect. Platycodin D, one of the constituent natural compounds of PG, inhibited -associated biofilm. These findings indicate that hainosan eliminates dental plaques by suppressing biofilm formation by .
导致牙菌斑的一种细菌在牙齿表面形成生物膜。这种生物膜通过刺激牙龈边缘可引发牙龈炎。然而，目前尚无去除生物膜的确立疗法。日本传统汉方制剂海神散（排脓散）已被用于治疗牙龈炎。因此，我们研究了海神散提取物（HNS）及其成分对该细菌生物膜的抑制作用。我们进行了扫描电子显微镜和共聚焦激光显微镜分析，以阐明HNS及其生药的抗生物膜活性。我们还进行了定量逆转录聚合酶链反应测定，以评估生物膜相关基因的表达。HNS对生物膜形成显示出显著的剂量依赖性抑制作用。扫描电子显微镜和共聚焦激光显微镜分析均显示该提取物对生物膜形成有显著抑制作用。透射电子显微镜分析表明，HNS破坏了细菌细胞壁表面。此外，HNS降低了细菌的疏水性，并抑制了β-葡萄糖基转移酶、葡萄糖基转移酶-SI和果糖基转移酶的mRNA表达。在海神散的成分中，桔梗根提取物（PG）显示出最强的生物膜抑制作用。PG的一种天然成分桔梗皂苷D抑制该细菌相关生物膜。这些发现表明，海神散通过抑制该细菌的生物膜形成来消除牙菌斑。
