Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, Jiangsu, China.
Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2020 Oct;412(25):6691-6705. doi: 10.1007/s00216-020-02774-7. Epub 2020 Jul 8.
Aptamers are chemically synthetic single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules selected by molecular evolution. They have been widely used as attractive tools in biosensing and bioimaging because they can bind to a large variety of targets with high sensitivity and high affinity and specificity. As recognition elements, aptamers contribute in particular to cancer diagnostics by recognizing different cancer biomarkers, while they can also facilitate ultrasensitive detection by further employing signal amplification elements. Optical techniques have been widely used for direct and real-time monitoring of cancer-related biomolecules and bioprocesses due to the high sensitivity, quick response, and simple operation, which has greatly benefited cancer diagnostics. In this review, we highlight recent advances in optical platform-based sensing strategies for cancer diagnostics aided by aptamers. Limitations and current challenges are also discussed.
适体是通过分子进化筛选出的化学合成单链 DNA 或 RNA 分子。由于它们可以高灵敏度和高亲和力及特异性地结合多种靶标，因此已被广泛用作生物传感和生物成像的有吸引力的工具。作为识别元件，适体通过识别不同的癌症生物标志物有助于癌症诊断，同时通过进一步采用信号放大元件，还可以促进超灵敏检测。由于光学技术具有高灵敏度、快速响应和操作简单等优点，因此已被广泛用于直接实时监测与癌症相关的生物分子和生物过程，这极大地有益于癌症诊断。在本文中，我们重点介绍了基于光学平台的适体辅助癌症诊断传感策略的最新进展。此外，还讨论了其局限性和当前面临的挑战。
