Biological Sciences Department, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
J Environ Sci Health C Toxicol Carcinog. 2020;38(3):187-203. doi: 10.1080/26896583.2020.1781494. Epub 2020 Jul 10.
Triclosan (TCS), a well-studied antimicrobial compound and an environmental pollutant, is present in many household products. A systematic survey of TCS-antibiotic-bacteria interactions is lacking. We wish to understand the origin of such interactions by testing 16 phylogenetically well-characterized bacteria for their sensitivities to 6 different classes of antibiotics with or without the presence of TCS. Our results show that TCS interacts synergistically with some antibiotics against some Bacilli species. TCS could also interact antagonistically with other antibiotics against certain bacteria, including pathogens such as and . Antagonism between drugs often coincided with the concomitant enhanced removal of Ethidium bromide (EtBr) from the cells. shows a unique response to TCS. High levels of TCS inhibits . Cells survive at lower TCS concentrations, and these cells can remove EtBr more readily than unexposed cells. At even lower TCS concentration, cell-growth is inhibited again, causing the culture to exhibit a unique extra inhibition zone around the TCS-disk. The TCS-antibiotic-bacteria interaction profiles of some bacteria do not follow their bacterial phylogenetic relations. This suggests that such interactions may be related to horizontal gene transfer among different bacteria.
三氯生（TCS）是一种研究充分的抗菌化合物和环境污染物，存在于许多家用产品中。目前缺乏对 TCS-抗生素-细菌相互作用的系统调查。我们希望通过测试 16 种具有不同进化背景的细菌对 6 种不同类别的抗生素的敏感性，来了解这种相互作用的起源，无论是否存在 TCS。我们的结果表明，TCS 与一些抗生素对某些芽孢杆菌具有协同作用。TCS 也可能与其他抗生素对某些细菌产生拮抗作用，包括 和 等病原体。药物之间的拮抗作用通常与细胞内同时增强的溴化乙锭（EtBr）去除相一致。 对 TCS 表现出独特的反应。高水平的 TCS 抑制 。在较低浓度的 TCS 下，细胞仍能存活，并且这些细胞比未暴露的细胞更容易去除 EtBr。在更低的 TCS 浓度下，细胞生长再次受到抑制，导致培养物在 TCS 圆盘周围表现出独特的额外抑制区。一些细菌的 TCS-抗生素-细菌相互作用谱不遵循其细菌进化关系。这表明这种相互作用可能与不同细菌之间的水平基因转移有关。
