Indiana University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Bloomington, IN, United States.
Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, United States; Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020 Sep 1;214:108164. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108164. Epub 2020 Jul 2.
The prevalence of cigarette smoking is more than two times higher among individuals with versus without opioid misuse and/or opioid use disorders (OUD). Overall, smoking cessation has increased over time although it is unknown whether it has similarly increased for those with opioid misuse or OUD. The current study examined cigarette quit ratios from 2002 to 2018 among US individuals with and without opioid misuse or OUD.
Data came from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, a yearly cross-sectional survey of US civilians 12 years or older. Annual quit ratios (i.e., proportion of former smokers among lifetime-smokers) were estimated from 2002 to 2018. Logistic regression tested time trends in quit ratios by opioid misuse/OUD.
Past-month smoking prevalence was much higher for persons with versus without opioid misuse (64.6 % versus 25.7 %) and OUD (73.3 % versus 26.0 %). In 2018, quit ratios for individuals with opioid misuse (18.0 %) or OUD (10.0 %) were less than half of those without opioid misuse (48.3 %) or OUD (48.1 %). After adjusting for background characteristics, the quit ratio did not change over time among individuals with opioid misuse or OUD in contrast to an increase in quit ratios for those without opioid misuse or OUD. For those without opioid misuse or OUD, males had higher quit ratios than females.
Cigarette quit ratios remain dramatically lower among those with opioid misuse or OUD. Public health and clinical attention are needed to increase cessation and reduce smoking consequences for individuals with opioid misuse and OUD.
与没有阿片类药物滥用和/或阿片类药物使用障碍（OUD）的个体相比，有阿片类药物滥用和/或 OUD 的个体的吸烟率高出两倍以上。总体而言，随着时间的推移，戒烟率有所增加，尽管尚不清楚对于有阿片类药物滥用或 OUD 的个体，戒烟率是否也同样增加。本研究调查了 2002 年至 2018 年期间美国有和没有阿片类药物滥用或 OUD 的个体的香烟戒烟率。
数据来自全国药物使用和健康调查，这是一项针对美国 12 岁及以上平民的年度横断面调查。根据 2002 年至 2018 年的数据，估算了每年的戒烟率（即终生吸烟者中前吸烟者的比例）。逻辑回归检验了阿片类药物滥用/ OUD 与戒烟率的时间趋势。
与没有阿片类药物滥用的个体（64.6%对 25.7%）和 OUD（73.3%对 26.0%）相比，过去一个月的吸烟率在有阿片类药物滥用的个体中要高得多。2018 年，有阿片类药物滥用（18.0%）或 OUD（10.0%）的个体的戒烟率不到没有阿片类药物滥用（48.3%）或 OUD（48.1%）个体的一半。在调整了背景特征后，与没有阿片类药物滥用或 OUD 的个体相比，阿片类药物滥用或 OUD 个体的戒烟率没有随时间变化。对于没有阿片类药物滥用或 OUD 的个体，男性的戒烟率高于女性。
阿片类药物滥用或 OUD 个体的戒烟率仍然明显较低。需要公共卫生和临床关注，以增加阿片类药物滥用和 OUD 个体的戒烟率并减少吸烟后果。
