在一个大型大麻使用者社区样本中，娱乐性和医疗性大麻使用存在重叠模式。

Overlapping patterns of recreational and medical cannabis use in a large community sample of cannabis users.

机构信息

Michael G. DeGroote Centre for Medicinal Cannabis Research, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

出版信息

Compr Psychiatry. 2020 Oct;102:152188. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152188. Epub 2020 Jun 6.

DOI:10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152188

PMID:32653594

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Regulatory changes are increasing access to both medical cannabis and cannabis in general. As such, understanding patterns of recreational and medical cannabis use is a high public health priority.

OBJECTIVES

Patterns of cannabis use (recreational and medical), other substance use, and psychiatric symptoms were characterized in a large sample of community adult cannabis users in Canada, prior to federal cannabis legalization.

METHODS

This was a self-report assessment of 709 cannabis users (Mean age = 30.19 (11.82) years; 55.01% female). Patterns of overall substance use and psychiatric symptomatology were compared based on recreational/medical cannabis status.

RESULTS

Overall, 61.4% of participants endorsed exclusively recreational use, while 38.6% reported some level of medical use. Of all medical users, only 23.4% reported authorization from a health professional. Recreational cannabis users typically reported infrequent use (less than weekly), whereas medical users modally reported daily use. Compared to recreational users, medical users reported more problematic cannabis use in addition to greater psychiatric symptomatology (anxiety, depression and trauma). Interestingly, a large majority of medical users also reported using recreationally (80.6%), while exclusive medical use was less common (19.3%). This dual motives group reported more daily cannabis use and more alcohol and tobacco use. Compared to medical-only users, individuals using cannabis for both medical and recreational purposes more often used cannabis to treat psychiatric conditions.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings reveal the differences in cannabis use patterns and preferences between recreational and medical users, and even within medical users. In particular, dual motives individuals, who use cannabis for both positively and negatively reinforcing purposes, may warrant special attention as a subpopulation.

摘要

背景

监管政策的改变提高了医用大麻和普通大麻的可及性。因此，了解娱乐性和医用大麻的使用模式是当前公共卫生的重点。

目的

在联邦大麻合法化之前，在加拿大的一个大型社区成年大麻使用者样本中，描述大麻的使用模式（娱乐性和医用）、其他物质的使用情况和精神症状。

方法

这是对 709 名大麻使用者（平均年龄 30.19（11.82）岁；55.01%为女性）的自我报告评估。根据娱乐/医用大麻的状况，比较了总体物质使用和精神症状模式。

结果

总体而言，61.4%的参与者仅报告了娱乐性使用，而 38.6%的人报告了某种程度的医用使用。在所有医用使用者中，只有 23.4%的人报告了医疗保健专业人员的授权。娱乐性大麻使用者通常报告使用频率较低（每周不到一次），而医用大麻使用者则报告每天使用。与娱乐性大麻使用者相比，医用大麻使用者报告了更多的问题性大麻使用，以及更严重的精神症状（焦虑、抑郁和创伤）。有趣的是，绝大多数医用大麻使用者也报告了娱乐性使用（80.6%），而纯医用使用则较少见（19.3%）。这种双重动机群体报告了更多的每日大麻使用，以及更多的酒精和烟草使用。与仅医用大麻使用者相比，同时为医用和娱乐目的使用大麻的个体更常使用大麻来治疗精神疾病。