Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21045-900, Brazil.
Laboratório de Genética Marinha, Departamento de Biotecnologia Marinha, Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira (IEAPM), Arraial do Cabo , RJ CEP 28930-000, Brazil.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2020 Aug;157:111315. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111315. Epub 2020 Jun 1.
Noroviruses are the most common cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks in humans and bivalve shellfish consumption is a recognized route of infection. Our aim was to detect and characterize norovirus in bivalves from a coastal city of Brazil. Nucleic acid was extracted from the bivalve's digestive tissue concentrates using magnetic beads. From March 2018 to June 2019, 77 samples were screened using quantitative RT-PCR. Noroviruses were detected in 41.5%, with the GII being the most prevalent (37.7%). The highest viral load was 3.5 × 106 and 2.5 × 105 GC/g in oysters and mussels, respectively. PMA-treatment demonstrated that a large fraction of the detected norovirus corresponded to non-infectious particles. Genetic characterization showed the circulation of the GII.2[P16] and GII.4[P4] genotypes. Norovirus detection in bivalves reflects the anthropogenic impact on marine environment and serves as an early warning for the food-borne disease outbreaks resulting from the consumption of contaminated molluscs.
诺如病毒是人类食源性胃肠炎暴发的最常见原因，双壳贝类的摄入是公认的感染途径。本研究旨在检测和鉴定来自巴西沿海城市贝类中的诺如病毒。使用磁珠从贝类的消化组织浓缩物中提取核酸。2018 年 3 月至 2019 年 6 月，使用定量 RT-PCR 对 77 个样本进行了筛查。41.5%的样本中检测到诺如病毒，其中 GII 型最为常见（37.7%）。在牡蛎和贻贝中，最高病毒载量分别为 3.5×106 和 2.5×105GC/g。PMA 处理表明，检测到的诺如病毒中有很大一部分是无感染性颗粒。遗传特征表明存在 GII.2[P16]和 GII.4[P4]基因型。贝类中诺如病毒的检测反映了人类活动对海洋环境的影响，也为因食用受污染的贝类而导致食源性疾病暴发提供了早期预警。
