Yim JongEun, Park Junhyuck, Lohman Everett, Do KwangSun
Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Sahmyook University.
Department of Physical Therapy, Gumi University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Jul 10;99(28):e21178. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000021178.
Lumbar and pelvic alignment may have a huge impact on the posture of the spine and other parts. The aim of this study were to compare the spinal curvature of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine and the muscle activity of the cervical erector spinae muscle, upper trapezius muscle, and thoracic erector spinae muscle when sitting at 3 different sloped, seating surfaces. A 10° wedge was used as the seating surface and we compared a forward sloping seat surface, a flat seating surface, and a rear sloping seat surface, in that order. Twenty healthy officers were recruited for this study. The subjects sat on the seat of 3 different slopes and watched a total of 3 videos, 10 minutes each. The rest time was 10 minutes. Subjects were photographed while viewing videos and muscle activity was measured. There were significant differences in cervical, thoracic, lumbar curvatures, and muscle activity in the 3 different sitting positions according to seat tilt (P < .05). Among the 3 slopes, the forward slope decreased forward head posture and cervical erector spinae muscle activity (P < .05). The activity of the cervical erector spinae muscle was 2.67% with a forward sloping seat, 5.45% with a flat sloping seat, and 6.77% with a rear sloping seat, revealing a significant difference (P < .05). This suggests that a forward sloping seat surface was effective in maintaining a neutral alignment of the spine, and this decreased the cervical spine erector muscle activity. Based on this result, equipment and chair development to incline seats forward may improve posture and health, and prevent chronic pain.
腰椎和骨盆的排列可能会对脊柱及身体其他部位的姿势产生巨大影响。本研究的目的是比较在三种不同倾斜度的座位表面就座时，颈椎、胸椎和腰椎的脊柱曲度，以及颈段竖脊肌、上斜方肌和胸段竖脊肌的肌肉活动情况。使用一个10°的楔形物作为座位表面，我们按顺序比较了前倾的座位表面、水平的座位表面和后倾的座位表面。本研究招募了20名健康的工作人员。受试者坐在三种不同倾斜度的座位上，共观看三段视频，每段视频时长10分钟。休息时间为10分钟。在受试者观看视频时进行拍照，并测量肌肉活动情况。根据座位倾斜度的不同，三种不同坐姿下的颈椎、胸椎、腰椎曲度以及肌肉活动存在显著差异（P<0.05）。在这三种倾斜度中，前倾座位降低了头部前倾姿势和颈段竖脊肌的活动（P<0.05）。颈段竖脊肌在前倾座位时的活动为2.67%，水平倾斜座位时为5.45%，后倾座位时为6.77%，差异显著（P<0.05）。这表明前倾的座位表面在维持脊柱中立排列方面是有效的，并且降低了颈段脊柱竖脊肌的活动。基于这一结果，开发使座位向前倾斜的设备和椅子可能会改善姿势和健康状况，并预防慢性疼痛。
