HPV 疫苗接种在少数族裔大学生中的现状和未来方向。
HPVs Vaccination among Racial/Ethnic Minority College Students: Current Status and Future Direction.
机构信息
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA.
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA.
出版信息
J Natl Med Assoc. 2020 Dec;112(6):639-649. doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2020.06.005. Epub 2020 Jul 12.
OBJECTIVES
College is an important period for catch-up vaccination for Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs), but HPVs vaccination rates are low among college students. Given that racial/ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected by HPVs-related cancers, the aim of the present study is to conduct a scoping review about HPVs and HPVs vaccination conducted among racial/ethnic minority college students. Specifically, we examined: 1) the prevalence of HPVs vaccination among racial/ethnic minority college students in the US and 2) the correlates of HPVs vaccination or vaccination intention/interest.
METHODS
We searched three database (PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL) for relevant articles. Of 58 articles initially identified, 23 articles met all inclusion/exclusion criteria.
RESULTS
Racial/ethnic minority college women (especially Black and Asian/Pacific Islander) were less likely to be vaccinated compared to their non-Hispanic white counterparts. Racial/ethnic minority college men reported lower knowledge of HPVs and HPVs vaccination compared with their women counterparts. However, overall, a majority of racial/ethnic minority college students appeared to have high knowledge about HPVs and intention to vaccinate. Age, doctor recommendation, and psychosocial and cultural factors (e.g., HPVs/HPVs vaccine knowledge, perceived benefits of vaccination, social norms and values, mistrust of health care providers, and cultural norms) were associated with vaccination and individuals' intention to be vaccinated.
DISCUSSION
Significant racial/ethnic disparities in HPVs vaccination exist among both college men and women. Interventions to increase vaccine awareness, access, and uptake among racial/ethnic minority college students are lacking and warranted. Interventions targeting only knowledge and/or intention might not be sufficient. Theory-based studies that examine unique factors involved in vaccine uptake during college across multiple levels of influence including psychosocial, provider, health care, and culture are needed.
目的
大学是接种人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗的重要时期，但大学生 HPV 疫苗接种率较低。鉴于少数族裔受到 HPV 相关癌症的影响不成比例，本研究旨在对少数族裔大学生进行 HPV 和 HPV 疫苗接种的范围综述。具体来说，我们检查了：1）美国少数族裔大学生 HPV 疫苗接种的流行率，以及 2）HPV 疫苗接种或接种意愿/兴趣的相关因素。
方法
我们在三个数据库（PubMed、PsycINFO 和 CINAHL）中搜索了相关文章。最初确定的 58 篇文章中，有 23 篇符合所有纳入/排除标准。
结果
与非西班牙裔白人相比，少数族裔女大学生（尤其是黑人和亚裔/太平洋岛民）接种疫苗的可能性较低。少数族裔男大学生报告称，他们对 HPV 和 HPV 疫苗接种的了解低于女大学生。然而，总体而言，大多数少数族裔大学生对 HPV 有很高的认识，并且有接种疫苗的意愿。年龄、医生推荐以及心理社会和文化因素（例如，HPV/HPV 疫苗知识、对疫苗接种的益处的认知、社会规范和价值观、对医疗保健提供者的不信任以及文化规范）与接种疫苗和个人接种疫苗的意愿有关。
讨论
在男女大学生中，HPV 疫苗接种存在显著的种族/族裔差异。缺乏针对少数族裔大学生提高疫苗意识、获取和接种疫苗的干预措施，这是必要的。仅针对知识和/或意愿的干预措施可能不够。需要进行基于理论的研究，以检查在整个多个影响层面（包括心理社会、提供者、医疗保健和文化）在大学期间疫苗接种的独特因素。
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