National Research Centre for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore.
Adv Mater. 2020 Aug;32(34):e2002661. doi: 10.1002/adma.202002661. Epub 2020 Jul 15.
Therapeutic systems with site-specific pharmaceutical activation hold great promise to enhance therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity in cancer therapy. With operational flexibility, noninvasiveness, and high spatiotemporal resolution, photoactivatable nanomedicines have drawn growing attention. Distinct from traditional controlled release systems relying on the difference of biomarker concentrations between disease and healthy tissues, photoactivatable nanomedicines capitalize on the interaction between nanotransducers and light to either trigger photochemical reactions or generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) or heat effect to remotely induce pharmaceutical actions in living subjects. Herein, the recent advances in the development of photoactivatable protherapeutic nanoagents for oncology are summarized. The design strategies and therapeutic applications of these nanoagents are described. Representative examples of each type are discussed in terms of structure, photoactivation mechanism, and preclinical models. Last, potential challenges and perspectives to further develop photoactivatable protherapeutic nanoagents in cancer nanomedicine are discussed.
具有特定部位药物激活作用的治疗系统有望在提高癌症治疗疗效的同时降低全身毒性。光激活纳米药物具有操作灵活性、非侵入性和高时空分辨率，因此受到越来越多的关注。与传统的依赖于疾病和健康组织之间生物标志物浓度差异的控制释放系统不同，光激活纳米药物利用纳米转导器与光之间的相互作用来触发光化学反应或产生活性氧 (ROS) 或热效应，从而在活体中远程诱导药物作用。本文总结了光激活前药纳米制剂在肿瘤学方面的最新进展。描述了这些纳米制剂的设计策略和治疗应用。根据结构、光激活机制和临床前模型讨论了每种类型的代表性实例。最后，讨论了在癌症纳米医学中进一步开发光激活前药纳米制剂所面临的潜在挑战和展望。
