中风后认知障碍与痴呆：患病率、诊断及治疗
Poststroke cognitive impairment and dementia: prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment.
作者信息
Melkas Susanna, Jokinen Hanna, Hietanen Marja, Erkinjuntti Timo
机构信息
Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital and Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
出版信息
Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis. 2014 Feb 5;4:21-27. doi: 10.2147/DNND.S37353. eCollection 2014.
Abstract
Three aspects of poststroke cognitive impairment and dementia are discussed in this review: prevalence; diagnosis; and treatment. The aim is to increase awareness of poststroke cognitive impairment in order to further stimulate strategies to recognize the condition and to prevent its progression. Approximately two-thirds of all middle-aged and elderly stroke patients develop cognitive impairment, and one in three develops dementia. The standard reference for diagnosis is a detailed neuropsychological examination. Short screening tests have been used for both clinical and research purposes, but their sensitivity is limited and there is no consensus as to which test is the most appropriate. The treatment of poststroke cognitive impairment and dementia is based on effective treatment of vascular risk factors, including lifestyle modification when needed.
摘要
本综述讨论了卒中后认知障碍和痴呆的三个方面
患病率、诊断和治疗。目的是提高对卒中后认知障碍的认识，以进一步推动识别该病症并预防其进展的策略。所有中老年卒中患者中约三分之二会出现认知障碍，三分之一会发展为痴呆。诊断的标准参考是详细的神经心理学检查。简短的筛查测试已用于临床和研究目的，但其敏感性有限，对于哪种测试最合适尚无共识。卒中后认知障碍和痴呆的治疗基于对血管危险因素的有效治疗，必要时包括生活方式的改变。
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