Lee Donna, Jalal Sabeena, Nasrullah Muazzam, Ding Jeffrey, Sanelli Pina, Khosa Faisal
Family Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, CAN.
Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, CAN.
Cureus. 2020 Jun 10;12(6):e8553. doi: 10.7759/cureus.8553.
Background The issue of gender disparity is particularly important in the domain of public health where the tone of its leadership is pivotal in bringing about impactful change to research, policies, and the wellbeing of our various populations. Our aim is to explore the gender disparity of author metrics and academic rankings of public health physician faculty through a cross-sectional study. Methods Data collection for this retrospective cross-sectional study took place during June and July of 2017. Public health and preventive medicine residency training programs in the United States and Canada were to compiled and all faculty members that met the inclusion criteria were recorded (n = 973). Variables of interest include gender, h-index, years of active research, and academic appointments. SCOPUS database (Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) was used to generate author metrics, and all statistical tests were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results Overall, 31.14% (n = 303) of faculty members we studied were from Canada, and 68.86% (n = 670) were from the United States. In both countries, males made up the majority of all faculty members. Female faculty comprised most of the early career positions, and their proportions tapered off with higher academic rank, whereas male faculty trended in the opposite direction. Males generally were higher in all academic measures across all appointments. Conclusions Gender disparity exists within the North American public health and preventive medicine discipline. There are underlying factors preventing women from moving beyond early career positions or engaging in academic research.
性别差异问题在公共卫生领域尤为重要，该领域的领导基调对于给研究、政策以及我们不同人群的福祉带来有影响力的变革起着关键作用。我们的目的是通过一项横断面研究来探究公共卫生医师教员的作者指标和学术排名中的性别差异。
这项回顾性横断面研究的数据收集于2017年6月和7月进行。对美国和加拿大的公共卫生与预防医学住院医师培训项目进行汇总，并记录所有符合纳入标准的教员（n = 973）。感兴趣的变量包括性别、h指数、活跃研究年限和学术职务。使用SCOPUS数据库（荷兰阿姆斯特丹的爱思唯尔公司）生成作者指标，所有统计检验均使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）20版（纽约州阿蒙克的IBM公司）进行。
总体而言，我们研究的教员中有31.14%（n = 303）来自加拿大，68.86%（n = 670）来自美国。在这两个国家，男性在所有教员中占多数。女性教员在早期职业岗位中占大多数，且随着学术级别升高其比例逐渐减少，而男性教员则呈相反趋势。在所有职务的所有学术指标方面，男性总体上更高。
北美公共卫生与预防医学学科存在性别差异。存在一些潜在因素阻碍女性晋升到早期职业岗位之外或参与学术研究。
