Daradka Mousa, Ismail Zuhair Bani
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Vet Med (Auckl). 2014 May 12;5:35-39. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S59609. eCollection 2014.
Twenty adult female goats affected with chronic mastitis were subjected to mastectomy or hemimastectomy under subarachnoid regional analgesia using a ketamine-lidocaine combination. Ketamine at 1.5 mg/kg and lidocaine hydrochloride at 1.25 mg/kg were administered intrathecally at the lumbosacral intervertebral space. Goats were then subjected to a 120-minute observation period for systemic or neurotoxic symptoms such as agitation, restlessness, hind limb paralysis, or seizures. In addition, analgesia of the caudal abdominal region and signs of systemic sedation were scored on a scale of 0-3. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature were also recorded prior to (baseline values) and at 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after administration. Mastectomy or hemimastectomy operation was carried out after full assurance of the analgesic effect on the udder and caudal abdominal region. Time of onset of surgical analgesia (score 3) was achieved at 15 minutes and lasted for 60 minutes. Maximal sedation score was recorded at 15 minutes and lasted for 60 minutes, then decreased thereafter, with the lowest sedation score recorded at 120 minutes. There was a significant (0.05) rise in heart rate at some point between 5-90 minutes, while the respiratory rate and rectal temperature did not change significantly from baseline values. Postoperatively, animals did not show any signs of pain or discomfort. Follow-up on the operated goats showed that all wounds were fully healed without any significant complications. In goats, intrathecal administration of ketamine-lidocaine combination resulted in a safe and effective analgesia of the caudal abdominal and udder region sufficient to perform mastectomy or hemimastectomy.
20只患有慢性乳腺炎的成年雌性山羊在蛛网膜下腔区域镇痛下接受乳房切除术或半乳房切除术，使用氯胺酮 - 利多卡因组合。将1.5mg/kg的氯胺酮和1.25mg/kg的盐酸利多卡因在腰骶椎间隙进行鞘内注射。然后对山羊进行120分钟的观察期，观察是否出现全身或神经毒性症状，如躁动、不安、后肢麻痹或癫痫发作。此外，对尾腹部区域的镇痛和全身镇静体征按0 - 3分进行评分。在给药前（基线值）以及给药后5、15、30、60、90和120分钟记录心率、呼吸频率和直肠温度。在充分确保对乳房和尾腹部区域有镇痛效果后进行乳房切除术或半乳房切除术。手术镇痛（评分3）在15分钟时达到起效时间，并持续60分钟。最大镇静评分在15分钟时记录，并持续60分钟，此后下降，在120分钟时记录到最低镇静评分。在5 - 90分钟之间的某个时间点心率有显著（0.05）升高，而呼吸频率和直肠温度与基线值相比没有显著变化。术后，动物未表现出任何疼痛或不适迹象。对手术山羊的随访表明，所有伤口均完全愈合，无任何明显并发症。在山羊中，鞘内注射氯胺酮 - 利多卡因组合可对尾腹部和乳房区域产生安全有效的镇痛效果，足以进行乳房切除术或半乳房切除术。
