Department of Nursing Administration, School of Nursing, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Gerontological Nursing/ Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Cancer Rep (Hoboken). 2020 Jun;3(3):e1242. doi: 10.1002/cnr2.1242. Epub 2020 Mar 11.
Treatment of breast cancer entails surgery, often followed by chemotherapy. Alopecia is a major, intractable side effect with potentially profound impacts on appearance. We developed a nurse-facilitated program targeting appearance-related symptoms.
This study explored the effects of the appearance care program on quality of life (QOL). The program was delivered across three sessions, each involving personal reflections on appearance concerns, short lectures on skincare and makeover techniques, and small group discussions.
Seventy-two women who attended the appearance care program were invited to participate. We employed a mixed-method design combining quantitative and qualitative methods. QOL instruments were used to measure effects of the program at the first and final sessions and at a one-month follow-up. The qualitative data were collected as open-ended notes regarding participants' perception of the program at the final session and at a one-month follow-up. Fifty-seven women completed all three sessions. Of them, 55 participated in this study. Their mean age was 46.4 years; 39 (70.9%) had partners, and 34 (61.8%) had children. Most participants experienced hair loss at one-month post-program; however, cancer-specific QOL improved after attending the program. Patients' experience of fatigue and weakness may explain observations of decreased physical well-being. Emotional well-being continued to increase 1 month following the program, while social and functional well-being was consistent. Participants felt empowered by the information on skincare and cosmetic techniques and valued the intimate support from the group members facing similar circumstances.
This study showed that the appearance care program increased or maintained the well-being of participants. Findings suggest the appearance care program which promoted group sharing experiences empowered participants and may have enhanced their coping strategies.
乳腺癌的治疗需要手术，通常随后还需要进行化疗。脱发是一种严重且难以处理的副作用，可能会对外观产生深远影响。我们开发了一个由护士主导的针对外观相关症状的项目。
本研究旨在探讨外观护理项目对生活质量（QOL）的影响。该项目共分三个阶段进行，每个阶段都涉及对外观问题的个人反思、皮肤护理和化妆技巧的简短讲座以及小组讨论。
我们邀请了 72 名参加外观护理项目的女性参与研究。我们采用了结合定量和定性方法的混合方法设计。使用 QOL 工具在第一和最后一次会议以及一个月的随访中测量该项目的效果。定性数据是在最后一次会议和一个月的随访中作为参与者对该项目的看法的开放性笔记收集的。57 名女性完成了所有三个阶段。其中，55 名女性参与了本研究。她们的平均年龄为 46.4 岁；39 名（70.9%）有伴侣，34 名（61.8%）有孩子。大多数参与者在项目结束后一个月经历了脱发；然而，参加项目后癌症特异性 QOL 有所改善。患者对疲劳和虚弱的体验可能解释了身体幸福感下降的观察结果。情感幸福感在项目结束后 1 个月持续增加，而社会和功能幸福感保持不变。参与者对皮肤护理和化妆技巧的信息感到有力量，并珍视来自面临类似情况的小组成员的亲密支持。
本研究表明，外观护理项目增加或维持了参与者的幸福感。研究结果表明，促进小组分享经验的外观护理项目赋予了参与者权力，并可能增强了他们的应对策略。
