Borisova Anna V, Konnon Setonde Romeo D, Tosto Valentina, Gerli Sandro, Radzinsky Viktor E
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with the Course of Perinatology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre for Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Jul;35(14):2663-2677. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1793326. Epub 2020 Jul 16.
Endometriosis is a disease that has a profound impact on the quality of life of women, due to the associated chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and infertility. However, even getting long-awaited pregnancy (often after assisted reproductive technologies), patients with endometriosis have a high risk of obstetric complications, such as miscarriage, preterm birth, preeclampsia, placental abnormalities, hemorrhage in labor, birth of small for gestational age infants, stillbirth and higher cesarean section rate. In addition, during pregnancy acute complications of endometriosis may occur, such as spontaneous hemoperitoneum, which is rare but life-threatening conditions that in most cases require surgical intervention. The mechanisms of the observed complications in pregnant women with endometriosis are not fully understood. This review presents literature data and personal considerations on the effect of endometriosis on pregnancy outcome and the occurrence of complications, as well as their possible underlined mechanisms. Based on this, we proposed ways to reduce the risk of obstetric complications in pregnant women with a history of endometriosis.
子宫内膜异位症是一种对女性生活质量有深远影响的疾病,这是由于其伴有慢性盆腔疼痛、痛经、性交困难和不孕。然而,即使是期待已久的怀孕(通常是在辅助生殖技术之后),子宫内膜异位症患者仍有很高的产科并发症风险,如流产、早产、先兆子痫、胎盘异常、分娩时出血、小于胎龄儿出生、死产以及较高的剖宫产率。此外,在怀孕期间,子宫内膜异位症可能会出现急性并发症,如自发性腹腔内出血,这种情况虽罕见但危及生命,在大多数情况下需要手术干预。子宫内膜异位症孕妇中观察到的并发症机制尚未完全明确。本综述介绍了有关子宫内膜异位症对妊娠结局和并发症发生的影响的文献数据及个人观点,以及其可能的潜在机制。基于此,我们提出了降低有子宫内膜异位症病史孕妇产科并发症风险的方法。