Détári Anna, Egermann Hauke, Bjerkeset Ottar, Vaag Jonas
York Music Psychology Group, Department of Music, University of York, York, United Kingdom.
Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodø, Norway.
Front Psychol. 2020 Jun 26;11:1315. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01315. eCollection 2020.
Musicians suffer from physical and mental health symptoms more frequently than the general population. Although their specific demands and challenges have been researched increasingly in the past, explanations still remain somewhat unclear. We use a large epidemiological data set to compare psychosocial work environment among 1,607 members of the Norwegian Musician's Union with a national sample of 8,517 employees from the general Norwegian workforce. Musicians reported more control over their work; however, they felt less supported and acknowledged, had more work-family conflicts and less motivation, and perceived their work as more demanding compared to the general workforce. In the musician sample, results indicated that classical and contemporary musicians are experiencing a less favorable psychosocial environment in terms of control, demands, and acknowledgment, orchestral players felt less control and soloist less support. Future studies should explore possible interventions to improve musicians' psychosocial work environment.
音乐家比普通人群更容易出现身心健康问题。尽管过去对他们的特殊需求和挑战的研究越来越多，但相关解释仍有些不明确。我们使用一个大型流行病学数据集，将挪威音乐家联盟的1607名成员的心理社会工作环境与挪威普通劳动力的8517名员工的全国样本进行比较。音乐家报告说对自己的工作有更多的控制权；然而，他们感觉得到的支持和认可较少，工作与家庭的冲突更多，动力更小，并且与普通劳动力相比，他们认为自己的工作要求更高。在音乐家样本中，结果表明，古典音乐家和当代音乐家在控制权、工作要求和认可度方面的心理社会环境不太有利，管弦乐队成员感觉控制权较小，独奏者感觉得到的支持较少。未来的研究应该探索可能的干预措施，以改善音乐家的心理社会工作环境。
