Thelen Esther
Department of Psychology Indiana University.
Infancy. 2000 Jan;1(1):3-28. doi: 10.1207/S15327078IN0101_02. Epub 2000 Jan 1.
Piaget's (1952) question of how the adult mind emerges from the sensorimotor infant is still the framing issue for developmental psychology. Here I suggest that real-life skill is better understood if the sensorimotor origins of cognition are not abandoned. Skilled people are not only better at both abstract and logical thinking but also at processing the world "online" and, most important, seamlessly and rapidly shifting between the two modes. I illustrate the tight coupling between action, perception, and cognition in early life and propose that this coupling remains but becomes more flexibly adaptive. Further, I show that the language of dynamics is appropriate to capture these mind-body-world interconnections.
皮亚杰(1952年)提出的关于成人思维如何从感知运动阶段的婴儿发展而来的问题,至今仍是发展心理学的核心问题。在此我认为,如果不摒弃认知的感知运动起源,就能更好地理解现实生活中的技能。熟练的人不仅在抽象思维和逻辑思维方面表现更出色,而且在“在线”处理世界方面也更胜一筹,最重要的是,能在这两种模式之间无缝且快速地切换。我阐述了早期生活中行动、感知和认知之间的紧密联系,并提出这种联系依然存在,但变得更具灵活适应性。此外,我还表明动力学语言适用于描述这些身心与世界的相互联系。