School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Faculty of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Ora-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan.
Nutr Res. 2020 Aug;80:44-54. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.06.002. Epub 2020 Jun 6.
Literature reports suggest that subjective sleep quality is associated with nutrient intake in elderly people and workers. However, few studies have suggested an association between objective sleep quality and dietary intake in adolescents and young women. We hypothesized that objective sleep quality is associated with dietary intake in adolescents and young women. We evaluated the association between energy and nutrient intake and objective sleep quality in adolescents and young Japanese women. In a cross-sectional study of 80 women aged 18-27 years, dietary intake was assessed using the self-administered diet history questionnaire. Objective sleep quality was assessed by actigraphy. Lifestyle characteristics, dietary habits, and mental health were assessed using specific questionnaires. Subjects were classified into 3 groups according to sleep efficiency (SE <80%, 80%-85%, and ≥85%), and the relationships between dietary intake and objective sleep quality were statistically evaluated. No significant differences occurred in lifestyle characteristics, physical activity levels, eating behavior, and mental health status among the 3 SE groups. Energy intake was significantly lower in the low-SE group than in the middle- (P = .004) and high- (P = .015) SE groups. Protein intake was significantly lower in the low-SE group than in the high-SE group (P = .034). The mean energy-adjusted intakes of vitamin K, vitamin B, potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, and tryptophan were significantly lower in the low-SE group than in the high-SE group. Adequate energy intake and a high-quality diet including vitamins, minerals, and tryptophan may result in high sleep quality and help prevent sleep problems.
文献报道提示，老年人和劳动者的主观睡眠质量与营养摄入有关。然而，很少有研究表明青少年和年轻女性的客观睡眠质量与饮食摄入之间存在关联。我们假设客观睡眠质量与青少年和年轻女性的饮食摄入有关。我们评估了能量和营养素摄入与日本青少年和年轻女性客观睡眠质量之间的关系。在一项 80 名年龄在 18-27 岁的女性的横断面研究中，使用自我管理的饮食史问卷评估了饮食摄入。通过活动记录仪评估客观睡眠质量。使用特定问卷评估生活方式特征、饮食习惯和心理健康。根据睡眠效率（SE<80%、80%-85%和≥85%）将受试者分为 3 组，并对饮食摄入与客观睡眠质量之间的关系进行了统计学评估。在 3 个 SE 组之间，生活方式特征、身体活动水平、饮食行为和心理健康状况没有显著差异。低 SE 组的能量摄入明显低于中 SE（P=0.004）和高 SE（P=0.015）组。低 SE 组的蛋白质摄入明显低于高 SE 组（P=0.034）。低 SE 组的平均能量调整后的维生素 K、维生素 B、钾、镁、铁、锌、铜和色氨酸摄入量明显低于高 SE 组。充足的能量摄入和包括维生素、矿物质和色氨酸在内的高质量饮食可能导致高睡眠质量，并有助于预防睡眠问题。
