Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Ann Med. 2020 Nov;52(7):393-402. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2020.1798017. Epub 2020 Jul 30.
Studies on the association between healthy lifestyle and cancer risk are limited among the old Chinese population.
The healthy lifestyle score was derived from smoking, drinking, diet, body mass index and physical activity among 23734 retired employees from the Dongfeng-Tongji Cohort. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The rate advancement periods (RAPs) and the population attributable risk percentage (PAR%) were estimated to indicate the benefits of removing risk lifestyle factors.
During a median follow-up of 8.16 years, 2023 cancer cases were identified. Compared with 0-2 points of the healthy lifestyle score, the HRs were 0.87 (95% CI: 0.76, 0.99), 0.83 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.94), and 0.74 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.86) for 3, 4, and 5 points, respectively, with the corresponding RAPs of -4.40 (95% CI: -8.39, -0.41), -5.84 (95% CI: -9.77, -1.90), and -9.14 (95% CI: -14.03, -4.25), respectively. Approximately 15% of incident cancer cases among total population and 22% among men would be prevented by following all 5 healthy lifestyle factors.
The current study suggests that healthy lifestyle could reduce cancer risk in the retired Chinese population, especially in males. Key messages Healthy lifestyle derived by smoking, drinking, diet, body mass index and physical activity presented a strong protective effect on cancer risk among the retired Chinese population, especially in males. We employed the rate advancement periods and the population attributable risk percentage to indicate the benefits of adopting healthy lifestyle and we found that following all 5 healthy lifestyle factors could delay the risk of developing cancer by 9.14 years and prevent 15% of incident cancer cases.
针对中国老年人健康生活方式与癌症风险相关性的研究较为有限。
23734 名东风-同济队列退休员工的健康生活方式评分来源于吸烟、饮酒、饮食、体重指数和身体活动。采用 Cox 比例风险回归计算风险比（HR）及其相应的 95%置信区间（CI）。通过计算速率推进期（RAP）和人群归因风险百分比（PAR%）来衡量消除风险生活方式因素的获益。
在中位随访 8.16 年期间，共确诊 2023 例癌症病例。与健康生活方式评分 0-2 分者相比，评分 3 分、4 分和 5 分者的 HR 分别为 0.87（95%CI：0.76，0.99）、0.83（95%CI：0.73，0.94）和 0.74（95%CI：0.64，0.86），相应的 RAP 分别为-4.40（95%CI：-8.39，-0.41）、-5.84（95%CI：-9.77，-1.90）和-9.14（95%CI：-14.03，-4.25）。如果所有人群都遵循 5 种健康生活方式因素，预计可预防 15%的总癌症病例和 22%的男性癌症病例。
本研究表明，健康的生活方式可降低中国退休人群的癌症风险，尤其是男性。
