Krügel André, Rothkegel Lars, Engbert Ralf
Experimental and Biological Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
J Vis. 2020 Jul 1;20(7):15. doi: 10.1167/jov.20.7.15.
In an influential theoretical model, human sensorimotor control is achieved by a Bayesian decision process, which combines noisy sensory information and learned prior knowledge. A ubiquitous signature of prior knowledge and Bayesian integration in human perception and motor behavior is the frequently observed bias toward an average stimulus magnitude (i.e., a central-tendency bias, range effect, regression-to-the-mean effect). However, in the domain of eye movements, there is a recent controversy about the fundamental existence of a range effect in the saccadic system. Here we argue that the problem of the existence of a range effect is linked to the availability of prior knowledge for saccade control. We present results from two prosaccade experiments that both employ an informative prior structure (i.e., a nonuniform Gaussian distribution of saccade target distances). Our results demonstrate the validity of Bayesian integration in saccade control, which generates a range effect in saccades. According to Bayesian integration principles, the saccadic range effect depends on the availability of prior knowledge and varies in size as a function of the reliability of the prior and the sensory likelihood.
在一个有影响力的理论模型中，人类的感觉运动控制是通过贝叶斯决策过程实现的，该过程将有噪声的感官信息和习得的先验知识结合起来。先验知识和贝叶斯整合在人类感知和运动行为中普遍存在的一个特征是，经常观察到对平均刺激强度的偏向（即中心倾向偏差、范围效应、均值回归效应）。然而，在眼动领域，最近关于扫视系统中范围效应的基本存在存在争议。在这里，我们认为范围效应的存在问题与扫视控制的先验知识可用性有关。我们展示了两个前扫视实验的结果，这两个实验都采用了信息性先验结构（即扫视目标距离的非均匀高斯分布）。我们的结果证明了贝叶斯整合在扫视控制中的有效性，这在扫视中产生了范围效应。根据贝叶斯整合原则，扫视范围效应取决于先验知识的可用性，并根据先验和感官似然性的可靠性而在大小上有所变化。
