Davies Kevin M, Schwinn Kathy E
New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Corresponding author; email:
New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Funct Plant Biol. 2003 Oct;30(9):913-925. doi: 10.1071/FP03062.
Plants produce secondary metabolites during development and in response to environmental stimuli such as light or pathogen attack. Transcriptional regulation provides the most important control point for the secondary metabolic pathways studied to date. In this article we review the data on the transcription factors that modulate this regulation. For the phenylpropanoid pathway, much is understood about both the specific sequences in the target genes (cis-elements) that are involved in responses to environmental and developmental stimuli, and the transcription factors involved. Most information is available for the light induction of the genes for hydroxycinnamic acid production, the production of anthocyanins in leaves and floral tissues, and the production of proanthocyanidins in seeds. Some of the functional interactions between the different types of transcription factor are now being elucidated, and upstream regulators of the genes encoding the transcription factors identified. For other secondary metabolic pathways much less is known, although good progress has been made on identifying transcription factors involved in controlling terpenoid indole alkaloid production. The identification of defined transcription factor genes provides tools for modulating both the amount and distribution of secondary metabolites in plants, and the validity of this approach has been well established by transgenic plants with modified flavonoid accumulation patterns.
植物在发育过程中以及对光或病原体攻击等环境刺激作出反应时会产生次生代谢产物。转录调控是迄今为止所研究的次生代谢途径的最重要控制点。在本文中，我们综述了有关调节这种调控的转录因子的数据。对于苯丙烷途径，我们对参与环境和发育刺激反应的靶基因（顺式元件）中的特定序列以及相关转录因子都有很多了解。大多数信息涉及羟基肉桂酸生成基因的光诱导、叶片和花组织中花青素的生成以及种子中原花青素的生成。不同类型转录因子之间的一些功能相互作用现在正在被阐明，并且编码转录因子的基因的上游调节因子也已被确定。对于其他次生代谢途径，虽然在鉴定参与控制萜类吲哚生物碱生成的转录因子方面已取得很大进展，但了解得仍较少。确定的转录因子基因的鉴定为调节植物中次生代谢产物的数量和分布提供了工具，并且具有改变类黄酮积累模式的转基因植物已充分证实了这种方法的有效性。
