Heghes Simona Codruta, Filip Lorena, Vostinaru Oliviu, Mogosan Cristina, Miere Doina, Iuga Cristina Adela, Moldovan Mirela
Department of Drug Analysis, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Front Pharmacol. 2020 Jun 30;11:989. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00989. eCollection 2020.
Metabolic diseases like diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia have a complex etiology characterized by the interference of genetic predisposition and environmental factors like diet or lifestyle. Over time they can cause significant vascular complications, leading to dysfunction or failure of key organs (brain, heart), with possible fatal consequences or a severe reduction of life quality. Although current authorized drugs may successfully control blood glucose or cholesterol level, their use is often associated with severe side effects, therefore the development of new drug candidates is necessary for a better management of metabolic diseases. Among potential new drug sources, aromatic plants rich in essential oils like L., L., L. or L. var. are very promising due to their diverse chemical composition and multiple mechanisms of action. This review describes a series of recent experimental studies investigating antidiabetic and hypolipemic effects of essential oils extracted from several aromatic plant species with an ethnopharmacological relevance in the Balkan peninsula. The pharmacological models used in the studies together with the putative mechanisms of action of the main constituents are also detailed. The presented data clearly sustain a potential administration of the studied essential oils for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases. Further research is needed in order to ascertain the therapeutic importance of these findings.
糖尿病或血脂异常等代谢性疾病病因复杂，其特征是遗传易感性与饮食或生活方式等环境因素相互干扰。随着时间的推移，它们会引发严重的血管并发症，导致关键器官（大脑、心脏）功能障碍或衰竭，可能产生致命后果或严重降低生活质量。尽管目前获批的药物可能成功控制血糖或胆固醇水平，但它们的使用往往伴随着严重的副作用，因此开发新的候选药物对于更好地管理代谢性疾病是必要的。在潜在的新药来源中，富含精油的芳香植物，如薰衣草、迷迭香、薄荷或留兰香变种，因其化学成分多样和多种作用机制而极具潜力。这篇综述描述了一系列近期的实验研究，这些研究调查了从巴尔干半岛具有民族药理学相关性的几种芳香植物物种中提取的精油的抗糖尿病和降血脂作用。研究中使用的药理学模型以及主要成分的假定作用机制也进行了详细阐述。所呈现的数据明确支持将所研究的精油用于预防和治疗代谢性疾病的可能性。为了确定这些发现的治疗重要性，还需要进一步的研究。
