Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Department of Chemistry, Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Life Sci. 2020 Sep 15;257:118115. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118115. Epub 2020 Jul 19.
Telomerase plays a significant role to maintain and regulate the telomere length, cellular immortality and senescence by the addition of guanine-rich repetitive sequences. Chronic inflammation or oxidative stress-induced infection downregulates TERT gene modifying telomerase activity thus contributing to the early steps of gastric carcinogenesis process. Furthermore, telomere-telomerase system performs fundamental role in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes mellitus as well as in its vascular intricacy. The cessation of cell proliferation in cultured cells by inhibiting the telomerase activity of transformed cells renders the rationale for culling of telomerase as a target therapy for the treatment of metabolic disorders and various types of cancers. In this article, we have briefly described the role of immune system and malignant cells in the expression of telomerase with critical analysis on the gaps and potential for future studies. The key findings regarding the secrets of the telomerase summarized in this article will help in future treatment modalities for the prevention of various types of cancers and metabolic disorders notably diabetes mellitus.
端粒酶通过添加富含鸟嘌呤的重复序列，在维持和调节端粒长度、细胞永生和衰老方面发挥重要作用。慢性炎症或氧化应激诱导的感染下调 TERT 基因，从而改变端粒酶活性，导致胃癌发生过程的早期步骤。此外，端粒-端粒酶系统在糖尿病及其血管复杂性的发病机制和进展中发挥着重要作用。通过抑制转化细胞的端粒酶活性，使培养细胞停止增殖，这为以端粒酶为靶点的治疗方法提供了理论依据，可用于治疗代谢紊乱和各种类型的癌症。在本文中，我们简要描述了免疫系统和恶性细胞在端粒酶表达中的作用，并对其差距和未来研究的潜力进行了批判性分析。本文总结的关于端粒酶秘密的关键发现将有助于未来预防各种类型的癌症和代谢紊乱（尤其是糖尿病）的治疗方法。
