Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
Mar Drugs. 2020 Jul 19;18(7):373. doi: 10.3390/md18070373.
Polyhydroxylated naphthoquinones (PHNQs), known as spinochromes that can be extracted from sea urchins, are bioactive compounds reported to have medicinal properties and antioxidant activity. The MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) cell viability assay showed that pure echinochrome A exhibited a cytotoxic effect on Saos-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner within the test concentration range (15.625-65.5 µg/mL). The PHNQ extract from New Zealand sea urchin did not induce any cytotoxicity within the same concentration range after 21 days of incubation. Adding calcium chloride (CaCl) with echinochrome A increased the number of viable cells, but when CaCl was added with the PHNQs, cell viability decreased. The effect of PHNQs extracted on mineralized nodule formation in Saos-2 cells was investigated using xylenol orange and von Kossa staining methods. Echinochrome A decreased the mineralized nodule formation significantly ( < 0.05), while nodule formation was not affected in the PHNQ treatment group. A significant ( < 0.05) increase in mineralization was observed in the presence of PHNQs (62.5 µg/mL) supplemented with 1.5 mM CaCl. In conclusion, the results indicate that PHNQs have the potential to improve the formation of bone mineral phase in vitro, and future research in an animal model is warranted.
多羟基萘醌（PHNQs），也被称为棘色酮，可从海胆中提取，是具有药用特性和抗氧化活性的生物活性化合物。MTT（3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐）细胞活力测定表明，在测试浓度范围内（15.625-65.5 µg/mL），纯棘色酮 A 对 Saos-2 细胞表现出剂量依赖性的细胞毒性作用。在相同浓度范围内孵育 21 天后，来自新西兰海胆的 PHNQ 提取物并未引起任何细胞毒性。在加入棘色酮 A 的同时加入氯化钙（CaCl）会增加活细胞数量，但当 CaCl 与 PHNQs 一起加入时，细胞活力会下降。使用二甲氧唑橙和 von Kossa 染色方法研究了 PHNQs 对 Saos-2 细胞矿化结节形成的影响。棘色酮 A 显著降低了矿化结节的形成（<0.05），而 PHNQ 处理组的结节形成不受影响。在添加 1.5 mM CaCl 的情况下，观察到 PHNQs（62.5 µg/mL）的存在显著增加了矿化（<0.05）。总之，这些结果表明 PHNQs 有可能改善体外骨矿物质相的形成，需要在动物模型中进行进一步研究。
