Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Dec;27(34):42621-42630. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-09990-9. Epub 2020 Jul 25.
Natural organic matter reacted with chlorine used for disinfection, and finally, trihalomethanes (THMs) are formatted. The main purpose of this study was to determine four THM concentrations and human health cancer risk and non-cancer risk assessment from exposure through oral ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation for males and females in Abadan. Two sampling sites were selected, and five samples before and after treatment by two different water treatment systems (RO and ion exchange) were collected every week. Results showed that total THM concentrations before and after treatment by RO were 98.1 and 8.88 μg/L, and ion exchange ranged between 101.9 and 14.96 μg/L, respectively, that before treatment was upper than the maximum of 80 mg/L recommended by USEPA. Inhalation was the primary route of exposure by around 80-90% of cancer risk. Total cancer risk was higher than the USEPA acceptable limit of 10 via three exposure routes. Oral route has the higher hazard index values than dermal ways.
天然有机物与用于消毒的氯反应，最终形成三卤甲烷（THMs）。本研究的主要目的是确定阿巴丹男性和女性通过口服摄入、皮肤接触和吸入途径接触 THM 后的四种浓度以及癌症风险和非癌症风险评估。选择了两个采样点，每周采集两次水样，每个水样取自两个不同的水处理系统（反渗透和离子交换）处理前后的水样。结果表明，反渗透处理前后的总 THM 浓度分别为 98.1 和 8.88μg/L，离子交换处理前后的浓度分别为 101.9 和 14.96μg/L，处理前的浓度高于 USEPA 建议的 80mg/L 最大值。吸入是癌症风险的主要暴露途径，约占 80-90%。通过三种暴露途径，总癌症风险均高于 USEPA 可接受的 10 限值。口服途径的危害指数值高于皮肤接触途径。
