Nishad Resna, Ahmed Talaat, Rahman Vattakandy Jasin, Kareem Abdul
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Environmental Science Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Jul 3;11:1298. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01298. eCollection 2020.
At different stages throughout their life cycle, plants often encounter several pathogenic microbes that challenge plant growth and development. The sophisticated innate plant immune system prevents the growth of harmful microbes via two interconnected defense strategies based on pathogen perception. These strategies involve microbe-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity and microbial effector-triggered immunity. Both these immune responses induce several defense mechanisms for restricting pathogen attack to protect against pathogens and terminate their growth. Plants often develop immune memory after an exposure to pathogens, leading to systemic acquired resistance. Unlike that with harmful microbes, plants make friendly interactions with beneficial microbes for boosting their plant immune system. A spike in recent publications has further improved our understanding of the immune responses in plants as triggered by interactions with microbes. The present study reviews our current understanding of how plant-microbe interactions can activate the sophisticated plant immune system at the molecular level. We further discuss how plant-microbe interaction boost the immune system of plants by demonstrating the examples of and association and how these plant-microbe interactions can be exploited to engineer disease resistance and crop improvement.
在其生命周期的不同阶段，植物常常会遭遇多种致病微生物，这些微生物会对植物的生长和发育构成挑战。复杂精妙的植物先天免疫系统通过基于病原体感知的两种相互关联的防御策略来阻止有害微生物的生长。这些策略包括微生物相关分子模式触发的免疫和微生物效应子触发的免疫。这两种免疫反应都会诱导多种防御机制，以限制病原体的攻击，从而抵御病原体并终止其生长。植物在接触病原体后常常会形成免疫记忆，从而产生系统获得性抗性。与有害微生物不同的是，植物与有益微生物进行友好互动以增强其植物免疫系统。近期出版物数量的激增进一步增进了我们对植物与微生物相互作用所触发的免疫反应的理解。本研究回顾了我们目前对植物 - 微生物相互作用如何在分子水平激活复杂的植物免疫系统的理解。我们还将通过展示 和 共生关系的例子，进一步讨论植物 - 微生物相互作用如何增强植物的免疫系统，以及如何利用这些植物 - 微生物相互作用来设计抗病性和改良作物。 （注：原文中“ and ”部分内容缺失，翻译时保留原文格式）
