International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2020 Oct;29(10):1856-1868. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-0288. Epub 2020 Jul 29.
The microbiome has been hypothesized to play a role in cancer development. Because of the diversity of published data, an overview of available epidemiologic evidence linking the microbiome with cancer is now needed. We conducted a systematic review using a tailored search strategy in Medline and EMBASE databases to identify and summarize the current epidemiologic literature on the relationship between the microbiome and different cancer outcomes published until December 2019. We identified 124 eligible articles. The large diversity of parameters used to describe microbial composition made it impossible to harmonize the different studies in a way that would allow meta-analysis, therefore only a qualitative description of results could be performed. Fifty studies reported differences in the gut microbiome between patients with colorectal cancer and various control groups. The most consistent findings were for , and being significantly enriched in fecal and mucosal samples from patients with colorectal cancer. For the oral microbiome, significantly increased and decreased abundance was reported for and , respectively, in patients with oral cancer compared with controls. Overall, although there was a large amount of evidence for some of these alterations, most require validation in high-quality, preferably prospective, epidemiologic studies.
微生物组被认为在癌症发展中起作用。由于发表的数据多样性，现在需要对将微生物组与癌症联系起来的现有流行病学证据进行综述。我们使用定制的搜索策略在 Medline 和 EMBASE 数据库中进行了系统评价，以确定并总结截至 2019 年 12 月发表的关于微生物组与不同癌症结局之间关系的当前流行病学文献。我们确定了 124 篇合格的文章。用于描述微生物组成的参数的多样性使得不可能以允许进行荟萃分析的方式协调不同的研究，因此只能对结果进行定性描述。五十项研究报告了结直肠癌患者与各种对照组之间肠道微生物组的差异。最一致的发现是在结直肠癌患者的粪便和黏膜样本中 和 显著富集。对于口腔微生物组，与对照组相比，口腔癌患者的 和 分别报道了显著增加和减少的丰度。总的来说，尽管其中一些改变有大量证据，但大多数需要在高质量、最好是前瞻性的流行病学研究中进行验证。
