Terada Takumi, Nii Takahiro, Isobe Naoki, Yoshimura Yukinori
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan.
Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan.
J Poult Sci. 2020 Jul 25;57(3):210-222. doi: 10.2141/jpsa.0190086.
Few studies have focused on the regulation of cytokine and avian -defensin (AvBDs) expression for promoting immune defense in the avian intestine. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands (bacterial patterns) on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines ( and ) and AvBDs (, and ) in the chick intestine. The ileum and cecum of 3-day-old chicks were collected and examined histologically to identity the cells present in the intestinal mucosa. Other tissues were cultured with or without the TLR2, TLR4, and TLR21 ligands-Pam3CSK4, LPS, and CpG-ODN-for 1 or 3 h. The gene expression profiles of proinflammatory cytokines and were determined in these tissues using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The mucosa of the ileum and cecum contained leukocytes, luminal and crypt epithelial cells, and other enterocytes. Pam3CSK4 tended to downregulate the expression of , and in the ileum but upregulated their expression in the cecum. LPS downregulated the expression of and in both the ileum and the cecum, whereas it upregulated the expression of , and in the cecum. CpG-ODN upregulated the expression of and in the ileum and in the cecum, and downregulated the expression of and in the ileum. We suggested that the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines and AvBDs in the chick intestine are affected by TLR2, TLR4, and TLR21 ligands. Thus, these innate immune factors may be modulated by the luminal microbe complex in the intestine.
很少有研究关注细胞因子和禽β-防御素（AvBDs）表达的调控以促进禽类肠道的免疫防御。本研究的目的是调查不同Toll样受体（TLR）配体（细菌模式）对雏鸡肠道中促炎细胞因子（ 和 ）和AvBDs（ 、 和 ）表达的影响。收集3日龄雏鸡的回肠和盲肠并进行组织学检查，以鉴定存在于肠黏膜中的细胞。将其他组织与TLR2、TLR4和TLR21配体——Pam3CSK4、LPS和CpG-ODN一起培养1或3小时，或不添加这些配体进行培养。使用实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）测定这些组织中促炎细胞因子 和 的基因表达谱。回肠和盲肠的黏膜含有白细胞、腔面和隐窝上皮细胞以及其他肠上皮细胞。Pam3CSK4倾向于下调回肠中 、 和 的表达，但上调盲肠中它们的表达。LPS下调回肠和盲肠中 和 的表达，而它上调盲肠中 、 和 的表达。CpG-ODN上调回肠中 和 的表达以及盲肠中 的表达，并下调回肠中 和 的表达。我们认为雏鸡肠道中促炎细胞因子和AvBDs的表达水平受TLR2、TLR4和TLR21配体的影响。因此，这些先天免疫因子可能受肠道腔内微生物复合体的调节。
